NDLI: The inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase by the gases carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide: chemical mechanism and physiological significance

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Cooper, Chris E. Brown, Guy C.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	The four gases, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H$_{2}$S) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) all readily inhibit oxygen consumption by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. This inhibition is responsible for much of their toxicity when they are applied externally to the body. However, recently these gases have all been implicated, to greater or lesser extents, in normal cellular signalling events. In this review we analyse the chemistry of this inhibition, comparing and contrasting mechanism and discussing physiological consequences. The inhibition by NO and CO is dependent on oxygen concentration, but that of HCN and H$_{2}$S is not. NO and H$_{2}$S are readily metabolised by oxidative processes within cytochrome oxidase. In these cases the enzyme may act as a physiological detoxifier of these gases. CO oxidation is much slower and unlikely to be as physiologically important. The evidence for normal physiological levels of these gases interacting with cytochrome oxidase is equivocal, in part because there is little robust data about their steady state concentrations. A reasonable case can be made for NO, and perhaps CO and H$_{2}$S, inhibiting cytochrome oxidase in vivo, but endogenous levels of HCN seem unlikely to be high enough.
Starting Page	533
Ending Page	539
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0145479X
Journal	Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15736881
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-10-07
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cytochrome oxidase Mitochondria Inhibition Nitric oxide Carbon monoxide Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen sulfide Bioorganic Chemistry Biochemistry Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology Animal Biochemistry Organic Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Physiology

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