NDLI: Effect of Ca contamination on apatite formation in a Ti metal subjected to NaOH and heat treatments

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kizuki, Takashi Takadama, Hiroaki Matsushita, Tomiharu Nakamura, Takashi Kokubo, Tadashi
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	It has long been known that titanium (Ti) metal bonds to living bone through an apatite layer formed on its surface in the living body after it had previously been subjected to NaOH and heat treatments and as a result had formed sodium titanate on its surface. These treatments were applied to a porous Ti metal layer on a total hip joint and the resultant joint has been in clinical use since 2007. It has been also demonstrated that the apatite formation on the treated Ti metal in the living body also occurred in an acelullar simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of the human blood plasma, and hence bone-bonding ability of the treated Ti metal can be evaluated using SBF in vitro. However, it was recently found that certain Ti metals subjected to the same NaOH and heat treatments display apatite formation in SBF which is decreased with the increasing volume of the NaOH solution used in some cases. This indicates that bone-bonding ability of the treated Ti metal varies with the volume of the NaOH solution used. In the present study, this phenomenon was systematically investigated using commercial NaOH reagents and is considered in terms of the structure and composition of the surface layers of the treated Ti metals. It was found that a larger amount of the calcium contamination in the NaOH reagent is concentrated on the surface of the Ti metal during the NaOH treatment with an increasing volume of the NaOH solution, and that this inhibited apatite formation on the Ti metal in SBF by suppressing Na ion release from the sodium titanate into the surrounding fluid. Even a Ca contamination level of 0.0005 % of the NaOH reagent was sufficient to inhibit apatite formation. On the other hand, another NaOH reagent with a nominal purity of just 97 % did not exhibit any such inhibition, since it contained almost no Ca contamination. This indicates that NaOH reagent must be carefully selected for obtaining reliable bone-bonding implants of Ti metal by the NaOH and heat treatments.
Starting Page	635
Ending Page	644
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09574530
Journal	Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15734838
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-12-19
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Biomaterials Polymer Sciences Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods Metallic Materials Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomaterials Biophysics Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering

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