NDLI: Preliminary work on the development of a novel detection method for osteoporosis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Moran, P. Towler, M. R. Chowdhury, S. Saunders, J. German, M. J. Lawson, N. S. Pollock, H. M. Pillay, I. Lyons, D.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Osteoporosis affects both the organic and mineral phases of bone resulting in a decrease in resistance to fracture. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans are used for diagnosing osteoporosis, which is conventionally characterised by a decrease in mineral density. Unfortunately, some patients who suffer osteoporotic fractures have normal bone density, because both the organic and the mineral phase are affected. However, there are currently no methods of evaluating the health of the organic phase. Patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis have reported hardening of their fingernails. As the properties of nail and bone may be linked in a comparable, measurable way, this work used both mechanical (nano-indentation) and chemical (Raman spectroscopy) methods to evaluate differences between fingernails sourced from osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients. The difference in mean modulus between the nails sourced from the groups was 1.1 GPa. The disulphide bond content of fingernail samples from each group was measured by Raman spectroscopy and disulphide bond content of fingernail was found to be significantly lower in the osteoporotic group. It can be concluded that a relationship between the mechanical and chemical properties of nail and bone may exist in a measurable way. This work has suggested that changes in the organic phase of bone are reflected in similar proteins, such as keratin, from which fingernails are composed. Collagen and keratin are two distinct structural proteins, but they share the need for protein sulphation and disulphide bond formation, via cysteine, for their structural integrity. A disorder of either process should lead to disordered collagen and keratin synthesis.
Starting Page	969
Ending Page	974
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09574530
Journal	Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15734838
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2007-01-13
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods Metallic Materials Polymer Sciences Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Biomaterials
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomaterials Biophysics Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering

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