NDLI: Grain size effects on the transport properties of Li$_{3}$V$_{2}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{3}$ glass–ceramic nanocomposites for lithium cathode batteries

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Al Syadi, A. M. Al Assiri, M. S. Hassan, Hassan M. A. El Desoky, M. M.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The effect of grain size on the structural and transport properties of glass–ceramic nanocomposites consisting of Li$_{3}$V$_{2}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{3}$ crystals were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron micrograph (TEM), density (d) and dc conductivity. XRD patterns exhibit the formation of Li$_{3}$V$_{2}$(PO$_{4}$)$_{3}$ with monoclinic structure. It was shown by XRD and TEM studies that by appropriate heat-treatment glasses can be turned into glass–ceramic nanocomposites consisting of crystallites smaller than 56 nm embedded in the glassy matrix. Density was found to increase with increasing grain size while the molar volume decreases. The dc conductivity measured in high temperature range increased with decreasing of the grain size while the activation energy decreased. The calculated dc conductivity at 400 K for the present glass was 5.77 × 10$^{−7}$ S/cm, while in its glass–ceramic nanocomposites was in the range of 1.712 × 10$^{−5}$–2.10 × 10$^{−6}$ S/cm. On the other hand, the calculated activation energy for the present glass was 0.542 eV, while in its glass–ceramic nanocomposites was in the range of 0.165–0.468 eV. The increase in electrical conductivity in the glass–ceramic nanocomposite annealed at 450 °C for 4 h compared to that annealed at 450 °C for 2, 8, 24 h can be attributed to the decrease in grain boundary scattering due to the reduction in grain size. The conduction was confirmed to obey non-adiabatic small polaron hopping. The electron–phonon interaction coefficient (γ $_{p}$) was calculated and found to be in the range of 5.09–16.64.
Starting Page	4074
Ending Page	4083
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09574522
Journal	Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
Volume Number	27
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1573482X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-01-02
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Optical and Electronic Materials Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Biomaterials Biophysics Condensed Matter Physics Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Bioengineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Biomedical Engineering

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