NDLI: Single-step polyol synthesis of alloy Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ versus bi-phase Pt/SnO$_{x}$ nano-catalysts of controlled size for ethanol electro-oxidation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Barava, Elena A. Amir, Tariq Mercier, Patrick H. J. Patarachao, Bussaraporn Wang, Dashan Page, Yvon
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Disordered alloy and bi-phase PtSn nanoparticles of nominal Pt:Sn ratio of 70:30 atomic % with controlled size and narrow size distribution were synthesized using a single-step polyol method. By adjusting the solution pH it was possible to obtain Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ nanoparticles of various sizes from 2.8 to 6.5 nm. We found that the presence of NaOH in the synthesis solution not only influenced the nanoparticle size, but as it was revealed by XRD, it apparently also dictated the degree of Pt and Sn alloying. Three catalysts prepared at lower NaOH concentrations (C$_{NaOH}$ < 0.15 M) showed disordered alloy structure of the nominal composition, while the other three catalysts synthesized at higher NaOH concentrations (C$_{NaOH}$ > 0.15 M) consisted of bi-phase nanoparticles comprising a crystalline phase close to that of pure Pt together with an amorphous Sn phase. These observations are plausibly due to the phase separation and formation of monometallic Pt and amorphous SnO$_{x}$ phases. A proposed reaction mechanism of Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ nanoparticle formation is presented to explain these observations along with the catalytic activities measured for the six synthesized carbon-supported Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ catalysts. The highest catalytic activity towards ethanol electro-oxidation was found for the carbon-supported bi-phase catalyst that formed the largest Pt (6.5 nm) nanoparticles and SnO$_{x}$ phase. The second best catalyst was a disordered alloy Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ catalyst with the second largest nanoparticle size (5 nm), while catalysts of smaller size (4.5–4.6 nm) but different structure (disordered alloy vs. bi-phase) showed similar catalytic performance inferior to that of the 5 nm disordered alloy Pt$_{7}$Sn$_{3}$ catalyst. This work demonstrated the importance of producing bi-metallic PtSn catalysts with large Pt surfaces in order to efficiently electro-oxidize ethanol.
Starting Page	1767
Ending Page	1777
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0021891X
Journal	Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	15728838
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2010-04-22
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	PtSn catalysts Ethanol electro-oxidation Nanoparticles Polyol synthesis Disordered alloy Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Physical Chemistry Electrochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Chemistry Chemical Engineering Electrochemistry

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