NDLI: Habitat Characteristics and Their Effects on the Density of Groups of Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) in Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India

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Habitat Characteristics and Their Effects on the Density of Groups of Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) in Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India

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Habitat Characteristics and Their Effects on the Density of Groups of Western Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) in Namdapha National Park, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ray, Parimal Chandra Kumar, Awadhesh Devi, Ashalata Krishna, Murali C. Khan, M. L. Brockelman, W. Y.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Understanding the relationship between a species and its habitat is crucial for conservation action planning. The Endangered western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) has a fragmented distribution in northeast India, Bangladesh and parts of western Myanmar. Namdapha National Park in Arunachal Pradesh contains the largest population of western hoolock gibbons in India. We carried out an auditory sampling survey and habitat analysis of western hoolock gibbons in the park from September to December 2012 in three potentially suitable forest types: tropical broad-leaved forest, tropical wet evergreen forest, and wet temperate forest. A new method of analysis of singing frequency revealed that only 21–23% of groups sing per day. Group detectability declined sharply beyond a listening radius of 600 m. Auditory sampling across 15 listening areas revealed an estimated mean density of 3.65 groups km$^{−2}$. We found no significant differences in density among forest types. The habitat study revealed a total of 122 species of trees (girth at breast height ≥30 cm) in the three forest types, representing 73 genera in 41 families, with the highest number of tree species in wet evergreen forest (93) followed by tropical broad-leaved forest (52) and wet temperate forest (40). None of the vegetation traits we measured (mean canopy cover, girth, density, and total basal area of all trees) and no habitat disturbance factors correlated significantly with gibbon density. This lack of correlation may have been due to the prevailing anthropogenic effects that adversely affected gibbons and their habitat, such as forest degradation, road widening, and hunting, overriding the relatively smaller natural variation in vegetation. This study adds to our knowledge of the habitat requirements of hoolock gibbons and indicates that Namdapha National Park is more important to conservation of the western hoolock than previously thought.
Starting Page	445
Ending Page	459
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01640291
Journal	International Journal of Primatology
Volume Number	36
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15738604
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2015-05-10
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Auditory sampling Gibbon density Habitat characteristics Namdapha National Park Western hoolock gibbon Evolutionary Biology Zoology Animal Genetics and Genomics Anthropology Animal Ecology Human Genetics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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