NDLI: Minor lipid metabolic perturbations in the liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) caused by suboptimal dietary content of nutrients from fish oil

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sanden, Monica Liland, Nina S. Sæle, Øystein Rosenlund, Grethe Du, Shishi Torstensen, Bente E. Stubhaug, Ingunn Ruyter, Bente Sissener, Nini H.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects on Atlantic salmon hepatic lipid metabolism when fed diets with increasing substitution of fish oil (FO) with a vegetable oil (VO) blend. Four diets with VOs replacing 100, 90, 79 and 65 % of the FO were fed for 5 months. The levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) in the experimental diets ranged from 1.3 to 7.4 % of fatty acids (FAs), while cholesterol levels ranged from 0.6 to 1.2 g kg−1. In hepatocytes added [1-14C] α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), more ALA was desaturated and elongated to EPA and DHA in cells from fish fed 100 % VO, while in fish fed 65 % VO, ALA was elongated to eicosatrienoic acid (ETE; 20:3n-3), indicating reduced Δ6 desaturation activity. Despite increased desaturation activity and activation of the transcription factor Sp1 in fish fed 100 % VO, liver phospholipids contained less EPA and DHA compared with the 65 % VO group. The cholesterol levels in the liver of the 100 % VO group exceeded the levels in fish fed the 65 % VO diet, showing an inverse relationship between cholesterol intake and liver cholesterol content. For the phytosterols, levels in liver were generally low. The area as a proxy of volume of lipid droplets was significantly higher in salmon fed 100 % VO compared with salmon fed 65 % VO. In conclusion, the current study suggests that suboptimal dietary levels of cholesterol in combination with low levels of EPA and DHA (1.3 % of FAs) can result in minor metabolic perturbations in the liver of Atlantic salmon.
Starting Page	1463
Ending Page	1480
Page Count	18
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09201742
Journal	Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15735168
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2016-05-06
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Atlantic salmon Cholesterol DHA EPA Phytosterols Lipid droplets Freshwater & Marine Ecology Animal Physiology Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology Animal Biochemistry Zoology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Medicine Biochemistry Aquatic Science

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