NDLI: Modelling the Impact of Emergency Exit Signs in Tunnels

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ronchi, Enrico Nilsson, D. Gwynne, S. M. V.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	This paper addresses the problem of representing the impact of different emergency exit signs during the evacuation of a tunnel when using two different evacuation models (i.e. FDS+Evac and buildingEXODUS). Both models allow the user to represent the impact of smoke upon the evacuee. The models are calibrated (1) considering the nature of the models themselves, (2) by deriving assumptions from previous experiments and literature, (3) using new data produced from experimental work performed by Lund University. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the activities required of the user to configure sophisticated egress tools given the scenario examined and the alternatives available in representing evacuee behaviour. Model results show that the differences in terms of emergency exit usage are affected by the degree of modelling sophistication employed and user expertise. It is demonstrated that evacuee performance may be misrepresented through indiscriminate use of default settings. Results are instead consistent between the models when their input is calibrated implicitly (given the availability of experimental data) or explicitly (employing the exit choice sub-algorithms embedded in the model). The scenarios examined are deliberately designed to be a superset of experimental trials currently being conducted about exit choice in a tunnel. The scope is to allow a blind model comparison to take place once the experiments are completed. This will be reported in a future article.
Starting Page	961
Ending Page	988
Page Count	28
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00152684
Journal	Fire Technology
Volume Number	48
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15728099
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-04-18
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Evacuation modelling Emergency exit signs Exit selection Human behaviour Tunnel safety FDS+Evac buildingEXODUS Civil Engineering Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Physics Mechanics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Science Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

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