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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Abstract | During the post-communist transition, Romanians experienced some of the highest mortality rates in eastern Europe, some of the greatest fluctuations in life expectancy and some of the greatest delays in recovery. This study examines the shifts in cause-specific mortality underlying these fluctuations. Using demographic methods to understand the peaks and troughs in life expectancy during the past twenty years, we explore several explanations for these fluctuations: changes in exposure and behaviour associated with the social, economic and political changes; changes in health care affecting amenable causes of death and the progression of the epidemiologic transition. Throughout this period, there is a continuing shift from infectious towards chronic diseases mortality. Psycho-social stress during the period of transition affected survival, evidenced by increases in suicides and differences in mortality between men and women. Amenable causes of death took a greater toll on life expectancy, and increases in tuberculosis and congenital heart abnormality mortality provide evidence of a weakening of health services. However, decreases in vaccine-preventable mortality demonstrate that the health system did not fully fail. Policy changes also affected survival, including decreasing abortion-related mortality and, after initial increases in accidental mortality, new improvements, especially in traffic fatalities.Durant la période de transition post-communiste, les Roumains ont souffert de taux de mortalité parmi les plus élevés d’Europe de l’Est, de fluctuations de l’espérance de vie parmi les plus importantes, et de délais de récupération parmi les plus longs. Cette étude examine les changements de mortalité par cause sous-jacents à ces fluctuations. En analysant les montées et les baisses de l’espérance de vie au cours des vingt dernières années par des méthodes démographiques, nous explorons plusieurs explications: des changements dans l’exposition et le comportement en lien avec les changements sociaux, économiques et politiques; des changements dans les soins de santé affectant les causes de décès évitables; et l’avancée de la transition épidémiologique. Tout au long de cette période, il y a une évolution des décès par maladies infectieuses vers des décès par maladies chroniques. Le stress psycho-social durant la période de transition a affecté la survie, ce qui s’est traduit par une hausse des suicides et des différences de mortalité entre hommes et femmes. Les causes de décès évitables ont pesé plus lourd sur l’espérance de vie, et la montée de la mortalité par tuberculose et malformations cardiaques indiquent un affaiblissement des services de santé. Toutefois, la baisse de la mortalité liée aux maladies évitables par vaccination démontre un certain succès du système de santé. Les changements des politiques publiques ont aussi joué un rôle, notamment en abaissant la mortalité causée par les avortements, et, après une hausse initiale de la mortalité par accidents, en obtenant une baisse des décès par accidents de la circulation. |
| Starting Page | 197 |
| Ending Page | 214 |
| Page Count | 18 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 01686577 |
| Journal | European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie |
| Volume Number | 25 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 15729885 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Netherlands |
| Publisher Date | 2008-07-09 |
| Publisher Place | Dordrecht |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Cause de décès Europe de l’Est Mortalité Roumanie Transition Methodology of the Social Sciences Public Finance & Economics Population Economics Human Geography Sociology Demography |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Demography |
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