NDLI: Phthalate esters in water and sediments of the Kaveri River, India: environmental levels and ecotoxicological evaluations

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Selvaraj, Krishna Kumar Sundaramoorthy, Gomathy Ravichandran, Praveen Kumar Girijan, Girish Kumar Sampath, Srimurali Ramaswamy, Babu Rajendran
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Phthalate esters are well known for their environmental contamination and toxicological effects as “endocrine disruptors.” In this study, environmental levels of phthalate esters and ecotoxicological risk assessments were performed in one of the major rivers in India, the Kaveri. Water and sediment samples were collected during 2010–2012 representing the major stretch of the river and extracted by solid-phase and ultrasonic methods, respectively, and analyzed for six major phthalates by using a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer. The analytical recovery for phthalates in water and sediment ranged from 79 to 121 %. Results indicated that diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dimethyl phthalate were found in every sample, whereas butylbenzyl phthalate and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were detected in 92 % of the water samples. Likewise, in sediment samples, DEP was found most often (94 %). The total phthalates in water samples ranged from 313 to 1,640 ng/l, whereas in sediments it was 2 to 1,438 ng/g dw (dry weight) with DEHP having the highest concentration. Human health risk assessment based on drinking water consumption showed no potential risk for phthalates and also DEHP levels were safe with respect to USEPA guideline (6,000 ng/l). Further, DEHP and di-n-octyl phthalate levels in water were expected to pose little threat to sensitive organisms in the riverine ecosystem as per ECOSAR chronic values. In case of sediment, the DEHP concentration was well above the USEPA sediment guideline value. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the levels and ecotoxicological risks of phthalates in Kaveri River, India.
Starting Page	83
Ending Page	96
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02694042
Journal	Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Volume Number	37
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15732983
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-07-24
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Phthalates Sediment Kaveri River water Health risk assessment Endocrine disruptors Environmental Health Geochemistry Terrestrial Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Environmental Chemistry Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Medicine Geochemistry and Petrology Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

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