NDLI: Experimental study on growth and spread of dispersed particle-laden plume in a linearly stratified environment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mirajkar, Harish N Tirodkar, Siddhesh Balasubramanian, Sridhar
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	We present results of laboratory experiments conducted to study the evolution, growth, and spreading rate of a dispersed particle-laden plume produced by a constant inflow into a density varying environment. Particles having mean size, $$d_p=100\ μ $$ m, density $$\rho _p=2500 \ {\text{ kg/m}}^3$$ , volume fraction, $$\phi _v =$$ 0–0.7 % , were injected along with the lighter buoyant fluid into a linearly stratified medium. It was observed that a particle-laden plume intruding at the neutral density layer is characterized by four spreading regimes: (i) radial momentum flux balanced by the inertia force; (ii) inertia buoyancy regime; (iii) fluid-particle inertia regime, and (iv) viscous buoyancy regime. Regimes (i), (ii), and (iv) are similar to that of a single-phase plume, for which $$\phi _v = 0\,\%$$ . The maximum height, $$Z_m$$ , for $$\phi _v > 0\,\%$$ was observed to be consistently lower than the single-phase case. An empirical parameterization was developed for the maximum height for particle-laden case, and was found to be in very good agreement with the experimental data. In the inertia buoyancy regime, the radial spread of the plume, $$R_f$$ , for $$\phi _v > 0\,\%$$ , advanced in time as $$R_f \propto t^{0.68 \pm 0.02}$$ which is slower compared to the single-phase plume that propagates at $$R_f \propto t^{0.74 \pm 0.02}$$ . Due to the presence of particles, ‘particle fall out’ effect occurs, which along with the formation of a secondary umbrella region inhibits the spreading rate and results in slower propagation of the particle-laden plume. The effect of particles on spreading height of plume, $$Z_s$$ , and thickness of the plume, $$h_p$$ , were also studied, and these results were compared with the single-phase case. Overall from these experiments, it was found that the evolution, growth, and spread of dispersed particle-laden plume is very different from that of the single-phase plume, and presence of low concentration of particles ( $$ \phi _v < 1\,\%$$ ) could have significant effects on the plume dynamics.
Starting Page	1241
Ending Page	1262
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15677419
Journal	Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15731510
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2015-05-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Plume Particles Maximum height Radial intrusion Plume thickness Earth Sciences Environmental Physics Hydrology/Water Resources Mechanics Hydrogeology Oceanography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Water Science and Technology

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