NDLI: Pb-inhibited mitotic activity in onion roots involves DNA damage and disruption of oxidative metabolism

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kaur, Gurpreet Singh, Harminder Pal Batish, Daizy Rani Kohli, Ravinder Kumar
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Plant responses to abiotic stress significantly affect the development of cells, tissues and organs. However, no studies correlating Pb-induced mitotic inhibition and DNA damage and the alterations in redox homeostasis during root division per se were found in the literature. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of Pb on mitotic activity and the associated changes in the oxidative metabolism in onion roots. The cytotoxic effect of Pb on cell division was assessed in the root meristems of Allium cepa (onion). The mitotic index (MI) was calculated and chromosomal abnormalities were sought. Pb-treatment induced a dose-dependent decrease in MI in the onion root tips and caused mitotic abnormalities such as distorted metaphase, fragments, sticky chromosomes, laggards, vagrant chromosomes and bridges. Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis was also performed to evaluate Pb induced genotoxicity. It was accompanied by altered oxidative metabolism in the onion root tips suggesting the interference of Pb with the redox homeostasis during cell division. There was a higher accumulation of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and hydrogen peroxide, and a significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutases, ascorbate peroxidases, guaiacol peroxidases and glutathione reductases in Pb-treated onion roots, whereas catalases activity exhibited a decreasing pattern upon Pb exposure. The study concludes that Pb-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in the onion roots is mediated through ROS and is also tightly linked to the cell cycle. The exposure to higher concentrations arrested cell cycle leading to cell death, whereas different repair responses are generated at lower concentrations, thereby allowing the cell to complete the cell cycle.
Starting Page	1292
Ending Page	1304
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09639292
Journal	Ecotoxicology
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15733017
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-07-15
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Pb toxicity Chromosomal abnormalities Mitotic index (MI) Genotoxicity DNA damage Redox homeostasis Environment Ecotoxicology Ecology Environmental Management
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine Toxicology Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

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