NDLI: Can captive populations function as sources of genetic variation for reintroductions into the wild? A case study of the Arabian oryx from the Phoenix Zoo and the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, Jordan

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Can captive populations function as sources of genetic variation for reintroductions into the wild? A case study of the Arabian oryx from the Phoenix Zoo and the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, Jordan

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ochoa, Alexander Wells, Stuart A. West, Gary Al Smadi, Ma’en Redondo, Sergio A. Sexton, Sydnee R. Culver, Melanie
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) historically ranged across the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries until its extirpation in 1972. In 1963–1964 a captive breeding program for this species was started at the Phoenix Zoo (PHX); it ultimately consisted of 11 animals that became known as the ‘World Herd’. In 1978–1979 a wild population was established at the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve (SWR), Jordan, with eight descendants from the World Herd and three individuals from Qatar. We described the mtDNA and nuclear genetic diversity and structure of PHX and SWR. We also determined the long-term demographic and genetic viability of these populations under different reciprocal translocation scenarios. PHX displayed a greater number of mtDNA haplotypes (n = 4) than SWR (n = 2). Additionally, PHX and SWR presented nuclear genetic diversities of $$\bar{N}_{\text{A}}$$ = 2.88 vs. 2.75, $$\bar{H}_{\text{O}}$$ = 0.469 vs. 0.387, and $$\bar{H}_{\text{E}}$$ = 0.501 vs. 0.421, respectively. Although these populations showed no signs of inbreeding ( $$\bar{F}_{\text{IS}}$$ ≈ 0), they were highly differentiated ( $$G^{\prime\prime}_{\text{ST}}$$ = 0.580; P < 0.001). Migration between PHX and SWR (Nm = 1, 4, and 8 individuals/generation) increased their genetic diversity in the short-term and substantially reduced the probability of extinction in PHX during 25 generations. Under such scenarios, maximum genetic diversities were achieved in the first generations before the effects of genetic drift became predominant. Although captive populations can function as sources of genetic variation for reintroduction programs, we recommend promoting mutual and continuous gene flow with wild populations to ensure the long-term survival of this species.
Starting Page	1145
Ending Page	1155
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15660621
Journal	Conservation Genetics
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15729737
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2016-05-26
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Translocations Admixture mtDNA control region Microsatellites Population viability analysis Oryx leucoryx Conservation Biology/Ecology Ecology Biodiversity Evolutionary Biology Plant Genetics & Genomics Animal Genetics and Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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Can captive populations function as sources of genetic variation for reintroductions into the wild? A case study of the Arabian oryx from the Phoenix Zoo and the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, Jordan

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Can captive populations function as sources of genetic variation for reintroductions into the wild? A case study of the Arabian oryx from the Phoenix Zoo and the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, Jordan