NDLI: Does excess iron play a role in breast carcinogenesis? an unresolved hypothesis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kabat, Geoffrey C. Rohan, Thomas E.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Free iron is a pro-oxidant and can induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. The carcinogenicity of iron has been demonstrated in animal models, and epidemiologic studies have shown associations with several human cancers. However, a possible role of excess body iron stores or of elevated iron intake in breast carcinogenesis has received little attention epidemiologically. We propose that iron overload and the disruption of iron homeostasis with a resulting increase in free iron may contribute to the development of breast cancer, and we summarize the relevant evidence from mechanistic studies, animal experiments, and studies in humans. Over time a high intake of iron can lead to iron overload. Furthermore, body iron stores increase in women following menopause. Reactive oxygen species produced by normal aerobic cellular metabolism can lead to the release of free iron from ferritin. In the presence of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, stored ferric iron (Fe3+) is reduced to ferrous iron (Fe2+), which catalyzes the formation of the hydroxyl radical (OH). OH in turn can promote lipid peroxidation, mutagenesis, DNA strand breaks, oncogene activation, and tumor suppressor inhibition, increasing the risk of breast cancer. In addition to its independent role as a proxidant, high levels of free iron may potentiate the effects of estradiol, ethanol, and ionizing radiation—three established risk factors for breast cancer. In order to identify the role of iron in breast carcinogenesis, improved biomarkers of body iron stores are needed, as are cohort studies which assess heme iron intake. Ultimately, it is important to determine whether iron levels in the breast and iron-induced pathology are higher in women who go on to develop breast cancer compared to women who do not.
Starting Page	1047
Ending Page	1053
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09575243
Journal	Cancer Causes & Control
Volume Number	18
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	15737225
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2007-09-06
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Iron Heme iron Reactive oxygen species Lipid peroxidation Breast neoplasms Hematology Epidemiology Public Health/Gesundheitswesen Oncology Biomedicine general Cancer Research
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology

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