NDLI: Risk factors for gastric cancer in Latin America: a meta-analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bonequi, Patricia Meneses González, Fernando Correa, Pelayo Rabkin, Charles S. Camargo, M. Constanza
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Latin America has among the highest gastric cancer incidence rates in the world, for reasons that are still unknown. In order to identify region-specific risk factors for gastric cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis summarizing published literature.Searches of PubMed and regional databases for relevant studies published up to December 2011 yielded a total of 29 independent case–control studies. We calculated summary odds ratios (OR) for risk factors reported in at least five studies, including socioeconomic status (education), lifestyle habits (smoking and alcohol use), dietary factors (consumption of fruits, total vegetables, green vegetables, chili pepper, total meat, processed meat, red meat, fish, and salt), and host genetic variants (IL1B-511T, IL1B-31C, IL1RN2, TNFA-308A, TP53 codon 72 Arg, and GSTM1 null). Study-specific ORs were extracted and summarized using random-effects models.Chili pepper was the only region-specific factor reported in at least five studies. Consistent with multifactorial pathogenesis, smoking, alcohol use, high consumption of red meat or processed meat, excessive salt intake, and carriage of IL1RN2 were each associated with a moderate increase in gastric cancer risk. Conversely, higher levels of education, fruit consumption, and total vegetable consumption were each associated with a moderately decreased risk. The other exposures were not significantly associated. No prospective study data were identified.Risk factor associations for gastric cancer in Latin America are based on case–control comparisons that have uncertain reliability, particularly with regard to diet; the specific factors identified and their magnitudes of association are largely similar to those globally recognized. Future studies should emphasize prospective data collection and focus on region-specific exposures that may explain high gastric cancer risk.
Starting Page	217
Ending Page	231
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09575243
Journal	Cancer Causes & Control
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15737225
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2012-12-07
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Epidemiology Gastric cancer Latin America Meta-analysis Risk factors Cancer Research Biomedicine general Oncology Public Health Hematology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology

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