NDLI: Chitosan-induced programmed cell death in plants

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Vasil’ev, L. A. Dzyubinskaya, E. V. Zivkin, R. A. Kiselevsky, D. B. Lobysheva, N. V. Samuilov, V. D.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Chitosan, CN−, or H2O2 caused the death of epidermal cells (EC) in the epidermis of pea leaves that was detected by monitoring the destruction of cell nuclei; chitosan induced chromatin condensation and marginalization followed by the destruction of EC nuclei and subsequent internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Chitosan did not affect stoma guard cells (GC). Anaerobic conditions prevented the chitosan-induced destruction of EC nuclei. The antioxidants nitroblue tetrazolium or mannitol suppressed the effects of chitosan, H2O2, or chitosan + H2O2 on EC. H2O2 formation in EC and GC mitochondria that was determined from 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence was inhibited by CN− and the protonophoric uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone but was stimulated by these agents in GC chloroplasts. The alternative oxidase inhibitors propyl gallate and salicylhydroxamate prevented chitosan- but not CN−-induced destruction of EC nuclei; the plasma membrane NADPH oxidase inhibitors diphenylene iodonium and quinacrine abolished chitosan- but not CN−-induced destruction of EC nuclei. The mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibitor lincomycin removed the destructive effect of chitosan or H2O2 on EC nuclei. The effect of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm, was insignificant; however, it was enhanced if cycloheximide was added in combination with lincomycin. The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine removed the chitosan effect but exerted no influence on the effect of H2O2 as an inducer of EC death. The internucleosome DNA fragmentation in conjunction with the data on the 3-methyladenine effect provides evidence that chitosan induces programmed cell death that follows a combined scenario including apoptosis and autophagy. Based on the results of an inhibitor assay, chitosan-induced EC death involves reactive oxygen species generated by the NADPH oxidase of the plasma membrane.
Starting Page	1035
Ending Page	1043
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00062979
Journal	Biochemistry (Moscow)
Volume Number	74
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	16083040
Language	English
Publisher	SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Publisher Date	2009-09-19
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	programmed cell death apoptosis autophagy chitosan plants epidermal cells Biomedicine general Microbiology Bioorganic Chemistry Biochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry Biophysics Geriatrics and Gerontology

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