NDLI: Earthworm invasions of ecosystems devoid of earthworms: effects on soil microbes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	McLean, M. A. Migge Kleian, S. Parkinson, D.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Recent studies document North American earthworm invasions and their profound effects on the structure of the soil profile, which is the habitat for soil microorganisms (mainly fungi and bacteria). Dramatic alterations made to these layers during earthworm invasion significantly change microbial community structure and therefore microbial activities such as C transformations. Understanding the impacts of earthworm invasion on the microbes themselves will give insight into earthworm effects on microbial activities. Bacterial and actinomycete communities in earthworm guts and casts have not been studied in environments recently invaded by earthworms. Earthworm invasion tended to decrease fungal species density and fungal species diversity and richness. The presence of earthworms decreased zygomycete species abundance probably due to disruption of fungal hyphae. Physical disruption of hyphae may also explain decreased mycorrhizal colonization rates, decreased mycorrhizal abundance and altered mycorrhizal morphology in the presence of earthworms. Mixing of organic layers into mineral soil during earthworm invasion tended to decrease microbial biomass in forest floor materials while increasing it in mineral soil. In newly invaded forest soils, microbial respiration and the metabolic quotient tended to decline. In forests where either the microbial community has had time to adapt to earthworm activities, or where the destruction of the forest floor is complete, as in invasions by the Asian Amynthas hawayanus, the presence of earthworms tends to increase the metabolic quotient indicating a shift to a smaller, more active microbial community.
Starting Page	1257
Ending Page	1273
Page Count	17
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13873547
Journal	Biological Invasions
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15731464
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-07-04
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Bacteria Disturbance Earthworm invasion Enzyme activity Fungal community Microbial biomass Mycorrhizae Forestry Zoology Hydrobiology Ecology Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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