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Whitefly control in cut gerbera: is it possible to control Trialeurodes vaporariorum with Encarsia formosa?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Berndt, Oliver Meyhöfer, Rainer
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	We investigated the impact of inundative releases of the parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), for control of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), on cut gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) under controlled greenhouse conditions. Experimental units consisted of ten plants covered and separated from other units by gauze tents. We assessed three release rates of the aphelinid parasitoid: a 7-week experiment with a standard release rate (10 m−2/14 days), and a subsequent 3-month trial with high (100 m−2/week) and very high (1,000 m−2/week) release rates. Experimental units without release of parasitoids served as control treatment. Gerbera plants were infested initially with 50–100 juvenile and 50–70 adult whiteflies in the first experiment, and in the second experiment with less than 50 juveniles per plant and 50–70 adults. Whitefly and parasitoid population density were assessed in weekly intervals using infestation and activity categories. Results show that parasitized whiteflies were present in all treatments within 2 weeks after initial release. Unfortunately, it was not possible to control whiteflies with standard release rates of E. formosa. Although parasitism rates slightly increased, the effect on whitefly populations was negligible. Large amounts of honeydew and growth of sooty mold fungi caused the termination of the first experiment. In a second experiment, E. formosa was tested at 10–100 times higher release densities. In contrast to the first experiment, whitefly densities increased steadily during the first 8 weeks, but remained constant until the end of the experiment in both treatments. Parasitism by E. formosa reached its maximum after 8 weeks. We discuss possible reasons for the low efficiency of E. formosa as a whitefly antagonist in greenhouse production of gerbera.
Starting Page	751
Ending Page	762
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13866141
Journal	BioControl
Volume Number	53
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15738248
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2007-10-19
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biological control Cut gerbera Encarsia formosa Gerbera jamesonii Trialeurodes vaporariorum Whitefly Behavioural Sciences Animal Biochemistry Animal Ecology Agriculture Plant Pathology Entomology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Insect Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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Biological characteristics and parasitization potential of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on the whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a pest of greenhouse crops in north-western Indian Himalayas

Effects of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and Encarsia formosa on the control of the greenhouse whitefly: preliminary assessment of a compatability study

Relative preference and demographic parameters of Encarsia formosa Gahan against Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood)

Comparison of Searching Behaviour of Two Aphelinid Parasitoids of the Greenhouse Whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum under Summer vs. Winter Conditions in a Temperate Climate

Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the Trialeurodes vaporariorum-Encarsia formosa system

Yellow traps reloaded: what is the benefit for decision making in practice?

Niche separation between Encarsia dispersa and Encarsia guadeloupae, two biological control agents of the spiraling whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus, in Benin, West Africa

Intraguild predation among plant pests: western flower thrips larvae feed on whitefly crawlers

Intraguild predation by the generalist predator Orius majusculus on the parasitoid Encarsia formosa

Whitefly control in cut gerbera: is it possible to control Trialeurodes vaporariorum with Encarsia formosa?

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Biological characteristics and parasitization potential of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on the whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a pest of greenhouse crops in north-western Indian Himalayas

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Whitefly control in cut gerbera: is it possible to control Trialeurodes vaporariorum with Encarsia formosa?