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A Note on the Statistical Power in Extended Twin Designs

Behavior Genetics : Volume 30, Issue 1, January 2000

Behavior Genetics : Volume 29

Behavior Genetics : Volume 28

Behavior Genetics : Volume 27

A Note on the Statistical Power in Extended Twin Designs

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Posthuma, Daniëlle Boomsma, Dorret I.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	The power to detect sources of genetic and environmental variance varies with sample size, study design, effect size and the statistical significance level chosen. We explored whether the power of the classical twin study may be increased by adding non-twin siblings to the classical twin design. Sample sizes to detect genetic and shared environmental variation were compared for kinships with only twins, kinships consisting of twins and one additional sibling, and kinships with twins and two additional siblings. The effect of adding siblings to the classical twin design was considered for univariate and bivariate analyses. For the univariate case, adding one non-twin sibling resulted in a decrease in sample size needed to detect additive genetic influences in the presence of environmental influences. However, adding two additional siblings did not decrease the number of subjects as compared to the classical twin design. The sample size required to detect common environmental factors was also greatly decreased by adding one non-twin sibling. Adding two non-twin siblings resulted in a small additional decrease. In models including additive genetic, dominant genetic, and unique environmental effects, adding one sibling to a twin family decreased the required sample size to detect dominant genetic influences. Adding two siblings to a twin family resulted in only a slight additional decrease in sample size. In the bivariate case a similar pattern of results was found, in addition to the observation that the overall required sample size, as expected, was lower than in the univariate case. The decrease in sample size from bivariate testing was more pronounced in a design with one or two additional siblings, as compared to a design with twins only. It is concluded that a well considered choice of family design, i.e. including families with twins and one or two additional siblings increases the statistical power to detect sources of variance due to additive and non-additive genetic influences, and common environment.
Starting Page	147
Ending Page	158
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00018244
Journal	Behavior Genetics
Volume Number	30
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15733297
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
Publisher Date	2000-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Human Genetics Neurosciences Evolutionary Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Genetics (clinical)

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