NDLI: Does the tumor microenvironment influence radiation-induced apoptosis?

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hunter, Alistair Hendrikse, Andre Renan, Michael Abratt, Raymond
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Cytotoxic anti-cancer agents induce apoptosis in tumor and normal tissues. Therefore, it is important to investigate which factors determine these apoptotic processes and hence their likely impact on therapeutic gain. Radiation-induced apoptosis in tumors may be inhibited due to mutations of apoptotic elements or to tumor microenvironmental conditions arising from vascular insufficiency. Tumors typically contain regions of hypoxia, low glucose and acidosis. Hypoxic cells compromise treatment partly because of reduced fixation of damage during radiotherapy and partly because they promote a more malignant phenotype. There is also evidence that hypoxia may inhibit apoptosis. For some cell types, concurrent hypoxia may modulate radiation-induced apoptosis while, for others, post-irradiation hypoxia may be required. This may reflect the activity of different apoptotic pathways. Pathways involving mitochondrial components as well as regulation of SAPK and Fas have been implicated. In addition, several key stages in apoptosis are sensitive to depletion of cellular energy reserves, which results from hypoxia and low glucose conditions. There is also evidence that low pH in tumors can interfere with radiation-induced apoptosis, partly through cell cycle arrest and other undefined mechanisms. Conclusions: Hypoxia, low glucose and acidosis influence radiation-induced apoptosis and thus may be detrimental to radiotherapy.
Starting Page	1727
Ending Page	1735
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13608185
Journal	Apoptosis
Volume Number	11
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	1573675X
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-08-21
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hypoxia Glucose pH Radiation-induced apoptosis Tumor microenvironment Cancer Research Virology Oncology Biochemistry Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pharmaceutical Science Biochemistry (medical) Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Cancer Research Pharmacology

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