NDLI: Peptide-binding GRP78 protects neurons from hypoxia-induced apoptosis

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Peptide-binding GRP78 protects neurons from hypoxia-induced apoptosis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Goldenberg Cohen, Nitza Raiter, Annat Gaydar, Vera Dratviman Storobinsky, Olga Goldstein, Tamar Weizman, Abraham Hardy, Britta
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Brain ischemia has major consequences leading to the apoptosis of astrocytes and neurons. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) known for its role in endoplasmic reticulum stress alleviation was discovered on several cell surfaces acting as a receptor for signaling pathways. We have previously described peptides that bind cell surface GRP78 on endothelial cells to induce angiogenesis. We have also reported that ADoPep1 binds cardiomyocytes to prevent apoptosis of ischemic heart cells. In this study we describe the effect of hypoxia on astrocytes and neurons cell surface GRP78. Under hypoxic conditions, there was an increase of more than fivefold in GRP78 on cell surface of neurons while astrocytes were not affected. The addition of the GRP78 binding peptide, ADoPep1, to neurons decreased the percentage of GRP78 positive cells and did not change the percent of astrocytes. However, a significant increase in early and late apoptosis of both astrocytes and neurons under hypoxia was attenuated in the presence of ADoPep1. Intravitreal administration of ADoPep1 to mice in a model of optic nerve crush significantly reduced retinal cell loss after 21 days compared to the crush-damaged eyes without treatment or by control saline vehicle injection. Histological staining demonstrated reduced GRP78 after ADoPep1 treatment. The mechanism of peptide neuroprotection was demonstrated by the inhibition of hypoxia induced caspase 3/7 activity, cytochrome c release and p38 phosphorylation. This study is the first report on hypoxic neuronal and astrocyte cell surface GRP78 and suggests a potential therapeutic target for neuroprotection.
Starting Page	278
Ending Page	288
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13608185
Journal	Apoptosis
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1573675X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2011-11-26
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Apoptosis Brain ischemia Cell surface glucose regulated protein 78 Neurons Retinal ganglion cells (RGC) Cancer Research Biochemistry Cell Biology Virology Oncology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pharmaceutical Science Biochemistry (medical) Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Cancer Research Pharmacology

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