NDLI: Ultrastructural and physico-chemical heterogeneities of yeast surfaces revealed by mapping lateral-friction and normal-adhesion forces using an atomic force microscope

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Ultrastructural and physico-chemical heterogeneities of yeast surfaces revealed by mapping lateral-friction and normal-adhesion forces using an atomic force microscope

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Ultrastructural and physico-chemical heterogeneities of yeast surfaces revealed by mapping lateral-friction and normal-adhesion forces using an atomic force microscope

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Méndez Vilas, Antonio Díaz, Jesús Doso, M. Guadalupe Gallardo More, Amparo M. González Martín, María L.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Scanning force microscopy has been used to probe the surface of the emerging pathogenic yeast Candida parapsilosis, in order to get insight into its surface structure and properties at submicrometer scales. AFM friction images eventually show patches with a very strong contrast, showing high lateral interaction with the tip. Adhesion force measurement also reveals a high normal interaction with the tip, and patches show extraordinarily high pull off values. The tip eventually sticks completely at the center of the patches. While an extraordinarily high interaction is measured by the tip at those zones, topographic images show extraordinarily flat topography over those zones, both of which characteristics are consistent with a liquid-like area. High resolution friction images show those zones to be surrounded by microfibrillar structures, concentrically oriented, of a mean width of about 25 nm, structures that become progressively less defined as we move away from the center of the patches. No structure can be appreciated inside the zones of maximum contrast. Also some helical or ribbon-like structure can be resolved from friction images. There is not only an ordered disposition of the microfibrillar structures, but also the adhesion force increases radially in the direction towards the center of the patches. These structures responsible for the high adhesion are thought to be incipient-emerging budding zones. Microfibrillar structures are thought to represent the first steps of chitin biosynthesis and cell wall digestion, with chitin polymers being biosynthesized, associated with other macromolecules of the yeast cell wall. They can be also beta glucan helical structures, made visible in the zone of yeast division due to the action of autolysins. The observed gradient in surface adhesion and elastic properties correlates well with that expected from a biochemical point of view. The higher adhesion force measured could be either due to the different macromolecular nature of the patches, or to a mechanical adhesion effect due to the different plasticity of that zone. This work reveals the importance of taking into account the dynamic nature of the cell wall physico-chemical properties. Processes related to the normal cell-cycle, as division, can strongly alter the surface morphology and physico-chemical properties and cause important heterogeneities that might have a profound impact on the adhesion behavior of a single cell, which could not be detected by more macroscopic methods.
Starting Page	495
Ending Page	509
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00036072
Journal	Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Volume Number	89
Issue Number	3-4
e-ISSN	15729699
Language	English
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publisher Date	2006-04-25
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Adhesion AFM Atomic force microscopy Candida parapsilosis Chitin Contact angle Division Growth Heterogeneity Hydrophobicity N-acetylglucosamine Yeast
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Molecular Biology Microbiology

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