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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Schröpfer, R. Bodenstein, C. Seebass, C. |
| Copyright Year | 2000 |
| Abstract | Die 64jährigen Aufzeichnungen der Wildkaninchen- und Iltisstrecken aus dem Jagdrevier Gut Leye/Atter bei Osnabrück (Abb. 1 und 2) wurden auf das Vorliegen einer Räuber-Beute-Beziehung überprüft. Zum Vergleich wurden die entsprechenden Jagdstrecken des Landes Niedersachsen sowie ausgewählte Daten der Wetterstation Osnabrück herangezogen.Autokorrelative Berechnungen zeigen für beide Arten zyklische Muster: Für das Wildkaninchen einen „quasi-cycle“ von ca. 16 Jahren, für den Iltis einen „uneven quasi-cycle“ von ca. 15 Jahren (Abb. 3 und 4). Die Multiple Regression resultiert in einem Modell, das in der Tat eine Beziehung zwischen den beiden Arten aufzeigt und 36 % der Variabilität der Iltis-Serie durch die der Wildkaninchen-Serie erklärt (Tab. 1, vgl. Abb. 5). Die Variabilität der Wildkaninchen-Serie läßt sich anhand einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse zu 31 % auf die Faktoren Sommer- und Winterwitterung des aktuellen Jahres zurückführen (Tab. 2, Abb. 6). Demnach lassen sich in niederschlagsarmen Jahren mit kalten Wintern und warmen Sommern relativ viele Wildkaninchen erlegen. Zudem spielt für beide Arten die jeweils eigene Vorjahresstrecke eine Rolle, für den Iltis auch die Strecke der vorjährigen und aktuellen Beutepopulation (Tab. 3).Die Iltis-Population scheint daher in direkter Abhängigkeit von der Populationsdichte des Wildkaninchens zu stehen sowie über diese indirekt durch die Witterung beeinflußt zu werden. Somit ist dem lltis offensichtlich eine relativ rasche Reaktion auf variierende Abundanzen dieser Beutetierart möglich.On the basis of the game records of polecat and wild rabbit collected over 64 years from the hunting-district Gut Leye/Atter near Osnabrück (fig. 1 and 2), a study was conducted to determine the predator-prey-relationship between these two species. Also some data from the weather station in Osnabrück were used to consider the influence of climate on the population dynamics. In order to estimate the reliability of our database, the corresponding game records from Lower Saxony were taken into account.The analysis of auto-correlations points out cyclic population changes for both series: a “quasi-cycle” of about 16 years for the wild rabbit and “uneven quasi-cycle” of about 15 years for the polecat (fig. 3 and 4).By multiple regression a relationship between both species was confirmed. The resulting model explains 36 % of the variability of the polecat series from the oscillations of the wild rabbit series (tab. 1, see fig. 5). On the other hand, a principal component analysis reveals that especially the actual summer and winter conditions determine 31 % of the wild rabbit dynamics (tab. 2, fig. 6). Accordingly most rabbits can be hunted in those years which show low precipitation with a cold winter and a warm summer. For both species the respective hunting bags from the last year affect the actual ones. In addition the polecat bag is influenced by the rabbit bag from the actual and last year (tab. 3).Therefore the polecat seems to depend directly on the population density of the wild rabbit and hence also indirectly on the weather conditions. Evidently the polecat is able to respond to the changing abundance of this prey species.Les carnets de chasse couvrant une période de 64 ans et renseignant les tableaux de tir de lapins et putois réalisés dans le territoire de chasse de Gut Leye/Atter près d'Osnabrück (Fig. 1 et 2) ont permis de vérifier une relation prédateur-proie. A titre de comparaison, les tableaux de tir correspondants du Land de Basse-Saxe de même que des données de la station météorologique d'Osnabrück ont été pris en compte.Les auto-corrélations calculées montrent pour chacune des espèces un mode de variation cyclique: pour le Lapin, un cycle approximatif (»quasi-cycle«) de 16 années, pour le Putois, un cycle approximatif inégal (»uneven quasi-cycle«) de 15 années (Fig. 3 et 4). La régression multiple donne lieu à un modèle qui effectivement montre une relation entre les deux espèces et explique 36 % de la variabilité de la séquence du Putois par celle du Lapin (Tab. 1 et Fig. 5). Sur base d'une analyse des facteurs principaux, la variabilité de la séquence du Lapin s'explique, à concurrence de 31 %, par les facteurs climatiques de l'hiver et de l'été de l'année en cours (Tab. 2, Fig. 6). Il s'ensuit qu'au cours des années de faible pluviosité et à hiver froid et été chaud on tire un nombre relativement élevé de Lapins. En outre, pour chacune des espèces, le tableau de tir réalisé l'année précédente joue un rôle auquel s'ajoute, pour le Putois, l'effet du tableau réalisé en Lapins, tant durant l'année précédente que durant l'année en cours (Tab. 3).La population du Putois semble de la sorte se trouver en relation directe avec la densité de population du Lapin, relation à laquelle se superpose indirectement le facteur climatique. Le Putois montre ainsi clairement une réaction relativement rapide aux variations d'abondance de sa proie. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 13 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00442887 |
| Journal | European Journal of Wildlife Research |
| Volume Number | 46 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14390574 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2000-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Animal Ecology Zoology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Ecology Animal Science and Zoology |
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