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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Podmokła, Edyta Dubiec, Anna Drobniak, Szymon M. Arct, Aneta Gustafsson, Lars Cichoń, Mariusz |
| Copyright Year | 2014 |
| Abstract | Parasite species are usually specialists utilising specific host species, but parasite assemblages may differ substantially even between populations of the same species and show seasonal and annual fluctuations. Host characteristics such as individual age and sex may also affect parasite species composition and abundance. Here, we report the occurrence of malaria parasites in the Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) inhabiting Gotland (Sweden) across 5 years. Using PCR-based techniques, we found eight cytochrome b lineages belonging to genus Plasmodium (pTURUD1, pBT7, pSGS1, pSW2, pGRW11) and Haemoproteus (hPARUS1, hPHSIB1, hWW2) with the overall prevalence of 65 %. The Plasmodium infections predominated (prevalence of 49.5 %), whereas Haemoproteus infection rate was much lower (prevalence of 16.5 %). We showed significant differences in infection status between study years and age classes when all parasite lineages were analysed together or the two most common lineages were analysed separately. Overall, older birds showed higher prevalence. A significant interaction between year and genus effect significantly explained variation in infection intensity. This interaction stems from a significant yearly variation of the infection intensity with Plasmodium, while such an effect is not present for Haemoproteus infections. More importantly, the intensity of infection with Haemoproteus was significantly higher than with Plasmodium in 3 out of the 4 study years with data. Einflussfaktoren für Prävalenz und Schwere von Infektionen mit Malariaerregern bei Blaumeisen Parasitäre Arten sind normalerweise Spezialisten, die sich bestimmter Wirtsarten bedienen; die Parasitenzusammensetzung kann sich aber selbst zwischen verschiedenen Populationen derselben Wirtsart stark unterscheiden und saisonale sowie jährliche Schwankungen zeigen. Auch individuelle Wirtseigenschaften wie Alter und Geschlecht können die Artzusammensetzung und die Häufigkeit der Parasiten beeinflussen. Hier stellen wir die Verbreitung von Malariaerregern bei Blaumeisen (Cyanistes caeruleus) in Gotland (Schweden) über einen Zeitraum von fünf Jahren vor. Mithilfe PCR-basierter Methoden identifizierten wir acht Cytochrom b-Linien aus den Gattungen Plasmodium (pTURUD1, pBT7, pSGS1, pSW2, pGRW11) und Haemoproteus (hPARUS1, hPHSIB1, hWW2) mit einer Gesamtprävalenz von 65 %. Plasmodiuminfektionen überwogen mit einer Prävalenz von 49.5 %, wohingegen die Infektionsrate durch Haemoproteus mit einer Prävalenz von 16.5 % deutlich geringer war. Es ließen sich signifikante Unterschiede im Infektionsstatus zwischen den einzelnen Untersuchungsjahren sowie zwischen den Altersklassen nachweisen, sowohl wenn alle Parasitenstämme gemeinsam analysiert wurden als auch wenn die beiden häufigsten Stämme getrennt ausgewertet wurden. Insgesamt waren ältere Vögel häufiger befallen. Eine deutliche Wechselwirkung zwischen dem Jahr und dem Gattungseffekt lieferte eine signifikante Erklärung für die Variation in der Infektionsschwere. Diese Wechselbeziehung beruht auf einer signifikanten jährlichen Variation der Infektionsschwere mit Plasmodien, wohingegen ein solcher Effekt bei Haemoproteus-Infektionen nicht beobachtet werden konnte. Noch bedeutsamer ist es, dass in drei von vier Untersuchungsjahren mit Daten die Intensität der Infektion mit Haemoproteus deutlich höher lag als die für Plasmodium. |
| Starting Page | 721 |
| Ending Page | 727 |
| Page Count | 7 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 21937192 |
| Journal | Journal für Ornithologie |
| Volume Number | 155 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 21937206 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2014-03-16 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Avian malaria Haemoproteus Plasmodium Host–parasite interactions Zoology Animal Ecology Evolutionary Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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