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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Ringhofer, Monamie Hasegawa, Toshikazu |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | To maximize fitness, animals choose habitats by using a combination of direct resource cues, such as the quality and quantity of safe breeding sites or food resources, and indirect social cues, such as the presence or breeding performance of conspecifics. Many reports show that nest predation leads to reduced fitness. However, it remains unclear how birds assess predation risk and how it affects breeding-site selection. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between predation risk and breeding-site selection in Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica). We assessed the cues that swallows use in their selection. We used nest-site characteristics related to predation and foraging sites as direct resource cues, number of breeding pairs, and breeding success in the previous year as indirect social cues, and number of old and undamaged old nests as direct resource and/or indirect social cues. Breeding-site preference was assessed using the arrival date of males. We showed that only the number of undamaged old nests was used for breeding-site selection. When comparing effects at two spatial scales, nest-site and home-range, the effect of the number of undamaged old nests occurred at the home-range scale only, suggesting that these nests are used as an indirect social cue rather than a direct resource cue to reduce the energy or time-consuming costs of nest building. We suggest that undamaged old nests may indicate the presence and breeding performance of conspecifics for several previous years. Because Barn Swallows are migratory birds, undamaged old nests may be a reliable indirect social cue and may reduce the time required to sample information at breeding sites. Bei der Brutplatzwahl bevorzugen Rauchschwalben soziale Signale gegenüber Ressourcensignalen Für die Maximierung von Fitness wählen Tiere Habitate mit Hilfe einer Kombination aus direkten Ressourcensignalen, wie Qualität und Quantität sicherer Brutplätze oder Nahrungsressourcen, und indirekten sozialen Signalen, wie die Anwesenheit oder Brutleistung von Artgenossen. Viele Berichte zeigen, dass Nestprädation die Fitness verringert. Allerdings bleibt unklar, wie Vögel das Prädationsrisiko abschätzen und wie es die Brutplatzwahl beeinflusst. In dieser Studie haben wir die Beziehung zwischen Prädationsrisiko und Brutplatzwahl bei Rauchschwalben (Hirundo rustica) analysiert. Wir haben die Signale bewertet, die Schwalben für die Brutplatzwahl nutzen. Wir haben Brutplatzcharakteristika in Bezug zu Prädation und Nahrungssuchorte als direkte Ressourcensignale, die Anzahl der Brutpaare und Bruterfolg im vorherigen Jahr als indirekte soziale Signale und die Anzahl alter und unbeschädigter alter Nester als direkte Ressourcen- und/oder indirekte soziale Signale verwendet. Die Präferenz für einen Brutplatz wurde mit Hilfe des Ankunftsdatums der Männchen eingeschätzt. Wir zeigten, dass lediglich die Anzahl alter, unbeschädigter Nester für die Brutplatzwahl eine Rolle spielte. Ein Vergleich der Effekte auf zwei räumlichen Skalen, Brutplatz und Streifgebiet, zeigte, dass der Effekt der Anzahl unbeschädigter Nester lediglich für das Streifgebiet gegeben war, was darauf hindeutet, dass diese Nester eher als indirektes soziales Signal genutzt werden als als direktes Ressourcensignal, um den Energie- oder Zeitaufwand für den Nestbau zu verringern. Wir schlagen vor, dass unbeschädigte alte Nester das Vorhandensein und die Brutleistung von Artgenossen für mehrere vorangehende Jahre anzeigen könnten. Da Rauchschwalben Zugvögel sind, könnten unbeschädigte alte Nester ein verlässliches indirektes soziales Signal darstellen und die Zeit verringern, die aufgebracht werden muss, um Informationen über Brutplätze zu sammeln. |
| Starting Page | 531 |
| Ending Page | 538 |
| Page Count | 8 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 21937192 |
| Journal | Journal für Ornithologie |
| Volume Number | 155 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 21937206 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2013-12-08 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Habitat selection Hirundo rustica Nest predation Old nest Zoology Animal Ecology Evolutionary Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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