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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Spanhove, Toon Callens, Tom Hallmann, Caspar A. Pellikka, Petri Lens, Luc |
| Copyright Year | 2013 |
| Abstract | High levels of nest predation influence the population dynamics of many tropical birds, especially when deforestation alters nest predator communities. The consequences of tropical forest fragmentation on nest predation, however, remain poorly understood, as natural predation patterns have only been well documented in a handful of tropical forests. Here, we show the results of an extensive study of predation on natural nests of Cabanis’s Greenbul (Phyllastrephus cabanisi) during 3 years in a highly fragmented cloud forest in SE Kenya. Overall predation rates derived from 228 scrub nests averaged 69 %, matching the typical high predation level on tropical bird species. However, predation rates strongly varied in space and time, and a model that combined timing effects of fragment, edge, concealment, year and nest was best supported by our data. Nest predation rates consistently increased from forest edge to interior, opposing the classic edge effect on nest predation, and supporting the idea that classic edge effects are much rarer in Afrotropical forests than elsewhere. Nest concealment also affected predation rates, but the strength and direction of the relationship varied across breeding seasons and fragments. Apart from spatial variation, predation rates declined during the breeding season, although the strength of this pattern varied among breeding seasons. Complex and variable relationships with nest predation, such as those demonstrated here, suggest that several underlying mechanisms interact and imply that fixed nesting strategies may have variable—even opposing—fitness effects between years, sites and habitats. Die Nestprädation in afrotropischen Waldfragmenten ist von inversen Randeffekten, dem Zeitpunkt des Nestbeginns und der Vegetationsstruktur bestimmt Ein hohes Nestprädationsniveau beeinflusst die Populationsdynamik vieler tropischer Vögel, besonders wenn die Nesträubergemeinschaften durch Abholzung des Waldes verändert werden. Die Folgen der Fragmentierung tropischer Wälder für die Nestprädation sind jedoch kaum verstanden, da natürliche Prädationsmuster nur in einer Handvoll tropischer Wälder gut dokumentiert sind. Hier zeigen wir die Ergebnisse einer umfassenden dreijährigen Studie zur Prädation an natürlichen Nestern des Cabanis-Bülbül (Phyllastrephus cabanisi) in einem stark fragmentierten Nebelwald in Südostkenia. Insgesamt betrug die durchschnittliche Prädationsrate an 228 Nestern im Buschwerk 69 %, was dem typischerweise hohen Prädationsniveau bei tropischen Vogelarten entspricht. Die Prädationsraten variierten jedoch stark in Raum und Zeit, und ein mathematisches Modell, das Waldfragment-, Rand-, Nesttarnungs-, Jahres- und Nistzeitpunkteffekte kombinierte, wurde von unseren Daten am besten unterstützt. Die Nestprädationsraten stiegen beständig vom Waldrand zum Inneren des Waldes hin, was dem typischen Randeffekt auf Nestprädation entgegensteht und die Idee stützt, dass klassische Randeffekte in afrotropischen Wäldern viel seltener sind als anderswo. Die Tarnung des Nestes beeinflusste ebenfalls die Prädationsraten, aber die Stärke und Richtung der Beziehung variierte zwischen Brutsaisons und Waldfragmenten. Abgesehen von räumlicher Variation nahmen die Prädationsraten im Verlauf der Brutsaison ab, obwohl die Stärke dieses Musters zwischen Brutsaisons variierte. Komplexe und variable Beziehungen mit Nestprädation, so wie hier gezeigt, deuten darauf hin, dass mehrere zugrunde liegende Mechanismen zusammenwirken, und implizieren, dass starre Niststrategien variable und sogar gegensätzliche Fitnesseffekte zwischen Jahren, Standorten und Habitaten haben können. |
| Starting Page | 411 |
| Ending Page | 420 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 21937192 |
| Journal | Journal für Ornithologie |
| Volume Number | 155 |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| e-ISSN | 21937206 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2013-10-31 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Tropical birds Habitat fragmentation Nest success Taita Hills Phyllastrephus cabanisi placidus Zoology Animal Ecology Evolutionary Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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