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Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

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Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Podlaszczuk, Marcin Wojciechowski, Zbigniew Podlaszczuk, Patrycja Minias, Piotr Janiszewski, Tomasz Wojciechowska, Agnieszka
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Several different selective pressures have been suggested to explain an intense competition for early return to breeding grounds in birds. In this study we hypothesized that shortening day length during summer months may constitute additional selective force acting towards early breeding in avian species with long parental care. To test this hypothesis, we studied time budget and foraging activities of early-nesting and late-nesting white storks Ciconia ciconia from the Central-European population. We found that duration and distance of foraging trips increased significantly over the course of the reproductive season. The relative frequency of foraging trips increased at the expense of other activities, such as resting, plumage maintenance, and nest maintenance. Mean daily foraging duration increased with increasing day length in the early part of the season, with 0.68 h of foraging per individual per 13.16 h of day length in mid-April increasing to 7.42 h of foraging per individual during solstice (16.61 h of day length). Afterwards, mean foraging duration continued increasing in spite of decreasing day length, reaching 11.63 h of foraging per individual per 14.92 h of day length at the end of the season in mid-August, when storks were forced to continue foraging after sunset in order to meet energy requirements of fledglings. The results suggest that shortening day length during summer months may constitute a serious time constraint on food delivery rates to offspring for late-breeding pairs of white stork. Kürzere Tage sind ein bisher unbekannter Selektionsdruck für frühen Brutbeginn in einer Vogelart mit langer elterlicher Fürsorge Verschiedene Selektionsfaktoren wurden bisher herangezogen zu erklären, warum Vögel so intensiv konkurrieren möglichst früh im Brutgebiet anzukommen. In dieser Studie untersuchten wir die Hypothese, dass kürzere Tage während der Sommermonate in Arten mit langer Elternfürsorge einen weiteren Selektionsfaktor darstellen, der frühen Brutbeginn begünstigt. Um diese Hypothese zu testen verglichen wir die Zeiteinteilung und Dauer der Nahrungssuche bei früh und spät nistenden Weißstörchen Ciconia ciconia in einer zentraleuropäischen Population. Die Dauer und Entfernung von Nahrungsflügen nahm im Laufe der Brutsaison signifikant zu. Die relative Häufigkeit von Nahrungsflügen stieg ebenfalls an, was auf Kosten anderer Aktivitäten wie Rast, Gefiederpflege und Nestpflege geschah. Die mittlere tägliche Nahrungsflugdauer nahm früh in der Saison mit zunehmender Tageslänge zu, wobei 0,68 Stunden Nahrungssuche pro Individuum pro 13,16 Stunden Tageslänge Mitte April auf 7,42 Stunden Nahrungssuche pro Individuum während der Sommersonnenwende (16,61 Stunden Tageslänge) anstiegen. Danach nahm die Dauer der Nahrungssuche weiterhin zu, obwohl die Tageslänge abnahm, bis schließlich am Ende der Brutsaison Mitte August 11,63 Stunden Nahrungssuche pro Individuum auf 14,92 Stunden Tageslänge kamen. Nun waren Störche gezwungen die Nahrungssuche nach Sonnenuntergang fortzusetzen, um den Energiebedarf der Flügglinge zu decken. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass kürzere Tageslängen im Laufe des Sommers für spät brütende Weißstörche eine ernstzunehmende Einschränkung in der Nahrungsversorgung von Nachkommen darstellt.
Starting Page	389
Ending Page	396
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	21937192
Journal	Journal für Ornithologie
Volume Number	156
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	21937206
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-11-23
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Ciconia ciconia Foraging Photoperiod Timing of breeding White stork Zoology Animal Ecology Evolutionary Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

Using self-organizing maps to investigate environmental factors regulating colony size and breeding success of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)

Foraging sites of breeding white storks ciconia ciconia in the south wielkopolska region.

Breeding dispersal directions in the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) are affected by spring migration routes

White storks ciconia ciconia eavesdrop on mating calls of moor frogs (2007).

Using self-organizing maps to investigate environmental factors regulating colony size and breeding success of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)

Spatial patterns of white stork (Ciconia ciconia) migratory phenology in the Iberian Peninsula

White Storks, Ciconia ciconia, forage on rubbish dumps in Poland—a novel behaviour in population

Two-fold increase in White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) population in Lithuania: a consequence of changing agriculture?

Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

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Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care

Using self-organizing maps to investigate environmental factors regulating colony size and breeding success of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)

Foraging sites of breeding white storks ciconia ciconia in the south wielkopolska region.

Breeding dispersal directions in the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) are affected by spring migration routes

White storks ciconia ciconia eavesdrop on mating calls of moor frogs (2007).

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Shortening day length as a previously unrecognized selective pressure for early breeding in a bird with long parental care