NDLI: Biodiesel production—current state of the art and challenges

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Vasudevan, Palligarnai T. Briggs, Michael
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Biodiesel is a clean-burning fuel produced from grease, vegetable oils, or animal fats. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification of oils with short-chain alcohols or by the esterification of fatty acids. The transesterification reaction consists of transforming triglycerides into fatty acid alkyl esters, in the presence of an alcohol, such as methanol or ethanol, and a catalyst, such as an alkali or acid, with glycerol as a byproduct. Because of diminishing petroleum reserves and the deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from petroleum diesel, biodiesel has attracted attention during the past few years as a renewable and environmentally friendly fuel. Since biodiesel is made entirely from vegetable oil or animal fats, it is renewable and biodegradable. The majority of biodiesel today is produced by alkali-catalyzed transesterification with methanol, which results in a relatively short reaction time. However, the vegetable oil and alcohol must be substantially anhydrous and have a low free fatty acid content, because the presence of water or free fatty acid or both promotes soap formation. In this article, we examine different biodiesel sources (edible and nonedible), virgin oil versus waste oil, algae-based biodiesel that is gaining increasing importance, role of different catalysts including enzyme catalysts, and the current state-of-the-art in biodiesel production.
Starting Page	421
Ending Page	430
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13675435
Journal	Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
Volume Number	35
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14765535
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2008-01-18
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Biodiesel Edible and nonedible Algae-based Waste oil Enzymes Catalysis Lipase Photosynthesis Microbiology Biochemistry Inorganic Chemistry Genetic Engineering Biotechnology Bioinformatics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Bioengineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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