Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Böhlke, John Karl |
| Copyright Year | 2002 |
| Abstract | Agriculture has had direct and indirect effects on the rates and compositions of groundwater recharge and aquifer biogeochemistry. Direct effects include dissolution and transport of excess quantities of fertilizers and associated materials and hydrologic alterations related to irrigation and drainage. Some indirect effects include changes in water–rock reactions in soils and aquifers caused by increased concentrations of dissolved oxidants, protons, and major ions. Agricultural activities have directly or indirectly affected the concentrations of a large number of inorganic chemicals in groundwater, for example NO$_{3}$ $^{–}$, N$_{2}$, Cl, SO$_{4}$ $^{2–}$, H$^{+}$, P, C, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, and As, as well as a wide variety of pesticides and other organic compounds. For reactive contaminants like NO$_{3}$ $^{–}$, a combination of chemical, isotopic, and environmental-tracer analytical approaches might be required to resolve changing inputs from subsequent alterations as causes of concentration gradients in groundwater. Groundwater records derived from multi-component hydrostratigraphic data can be used to quantify recharge rates and residence times of water and dissolved contaminants, document past variations in recharging contaminant loads, and identify natural contaminant-remediation processes. These data indicate that many of the world's surficial aquifers contain transient records of changing agricultural contamination from the last half of the 20th century. The transient agricultural groundwater signal has important implications for long-term trends and spatial heterogeneity in discharge. L'agriculture a eu des effets directs et indirects sur la recharge et la composition des nappes et sur la biogéochimie des aquifères. Les effets directs sont la dissolution et le transport de quantités excessives d'engrais et des produits associés et des modifications hydrologiques liées à l'irrigation et au drainage. Certains des effets indirects sont des modifications des réactions eau-roche dans les sols et dans les aquifères, causées par des concentrations croissantes d'oxydants, de protons et d'ions majeurs dissous. Les activités agricoles ont affecté directement ou indirectement les concentrations d'un grand nombre de composés minéraux dans les eaux souterraines, comme par exemple NO$_{3}$ $^{–}$, N$_{2}$, Cl, SO$_{4}$ $^{2–}$, H$^{+}$, P, C, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, As, de même qu'une grande variété de pesticides, de produits de dégradation et d'autres composés organiques. Pour les contaminants réactifs comme NO$_{3}$, une combinaison d'approches analytiques de traceurs chimiques, isotopiques et environnementaux peut être nécessaire pour analyser les changements des entrées dues à des modifications causant des gradients de concentration dans les eaux souterraines. Les chroniques de nappes fournies par des données hydrostratigraphiques à composantes multiples peuvent être utilisées pour quantifier les valeurs de recharge et les temps de séjour de l'eau et des contaminants dissous, pour établir les variations passées d'apports de charges contaminantes et pour identifier les processus naturels de remédiation des contaminations. Ces données indiquent que de nombreux aquifères à la surface du globe contiennent et sont en train de transporter des témoignages transitoires provenant des variations de la contamination agricole au cours de la dernière moitié du 20ème siècle. Le signal transitoire d'origine agricole dans les nappes présente des implications importantes en ce qui concerne les tendances à long terme et l'hétérogénéité spatiale de l'écoulement. La agricultura tiene efectos directos e indirectos en las tasas y composiciones de la recarga y de la biogeoquímica de las aguas subterráneas. Entre los primeros, cabe citar la disolución y transporte de fertilizantes y materiales asociados que han sido aplicados en exceso, así como las alteraciones hidrológicas relacionadas con el riego y drenaje. Entre los segundos, se incluye los cambios en la interacción entre aguas y roca, tanto en suelos como en acuíferos, como resultado del aumento de la concentración de oxidantes disueltos, protones e iones mayoritarios. Las actividades agrícolas han afectado directa o indirectamente a las concentraciones de un gran número de compuestos químicos inorgánicos en las aguas subterráneas; entre éstos, destacan el nitrato, nitrógeno, cloruro, sulfato, hidrogeniones, fósforo, carbono, potasio, magnesio, calcio, estroncio, bario, radio, arsénico, y una enorme variedad de pesticidas, productos de degradación y otros compuestos orgánicos. Para los compuestos reactivos, como el nitrato, puede ser necesaria una combinación de métodos analíticos químicos, isotópicos y de trazadores naturales de cara a resolver las modificaciones en la entrada a partir de alteraciones posteriores como causas de los gradientes de concentración en el acuífero. Los registros de aguas subterráneas basados en datos hidro-estratigráficos multicomponente pueden ser utilizados para cuantificar la recarga y los tiempos de residencia del agua y de contaminantes disueltos, para documentar variaciones pasadas en las cargas de contaminantes de la recarga, y para identificar los procesos naturales de contaminación y remediación. Estos datos indican que muchos acuíferos someros del mundo contienen y proporcionan registros transitorios de contaminación agrícola variable desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Las marcas transitorias de contaminación agrícola en las aguas subterráneas son importantes en relación con las tendencias a largo plazo y con la heterogeneidad espacial de la descarga. |
| Starting Page | 153 |
| Ending Page | 179 |
| Page Count | 27 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 10 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2002-01-22 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|