NDLI: Functioning of a coastal karstic system with a submarine outlet, in southern Spain

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fleury, P. Bakalowicz, M. Marsily, G. Cortes, J. M.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	A conceptual model of the functioning of a complex coastal karst aquifer in southern Spain is presented. The system has well developed conduits below sea level and is connected to the Mediterranean Sea. It discharges through two conduits 12 m below sea level, 20 km apart. The Moraig conduit is the main outlet; the discharge to the sea is brackish. The Toix conduit only discharges to the sea during heavy floods and lets in seawater the rest of the time. During the 1999–2000 hydrological year, both conduits were monitored by flowmeters and electrical conductivity-temperature probes. On the basis of the collected data, the hydrological relationship between the functioning of the system and the sea was characterised. The conceptual model assumes the existence of a huge reservoir called an “aquifer reservoir” which is supplied by (1) freshwater from rainfall and (2) seawater flowing into the Toix conduit. In addition, during heavy rainfall events, fast infiltration brings considerable amounts of freshwater into the Moraig conduit. This is typical of a “by-pass” mechanism. Salinity and flow rates were simulated with the use of a rainfall-discharge and a rainfall-salinity model. The simulation of flow and salinity time series can be used for water management purposes.Un modèle conceptuel de fonctionnement d’un aquifère karstique côtier espagnol est présenté. Ce système est caractérisé par des conduits bien développés sous le niveau de la mer connectés à la Méditerranée. La vidange de l’aquifère s’effectue au travers de deux conduits profond de 12 m et distants de 20 km. Le conduit de Moraig est l’exutoire principal avec une évacuation d’eau saumâtre. Le conduit de Toix fonctionne en exutoire temporaire lors des fortes crues, sinon il absorbe de l’eau de mer. Durant le cycle hydrologique 1999–2000, les deux conduits ont été instrumentés à l’aide de courantomètres et sonde de conductivité électrique et température. Le fonctionnement hydrologique de ce système et ses relations avec la mer sont ainsi caractérisés à partir des données acquises. Le modèle conceptuel de fonctionnement suppose l’existence d’un vaste réservoir appelé « réservoir aquifère » alimenté par l’eau douce des précipitations et l’eau de mer qui pénètre par Toix. De plus, durant les fortes précipitations, l’infiltration rapide apporte un important flux d’eau douce à Moraig, fonctionnement caractéristique d’un « by-pass ». La salinité et les débits on été simulés à l’aide de modèles pluie-débit et pluie-salinité. La simulation des chroniques de débit et de salinité serviront ensuite à la gestion de la ressource.Se presenta el modelo conceptual de funcionamiento de un aquífero kárstico complejo situado al Sureste de España. El sistema tiene conductos bien desarrollados bajo el nivel del mar y está conectado con el Mar Mediterráneo. La descarga se produce a través de dos conductos situados 12 m por debajo del nivel de mar, separados 20 km. El conducto del Moraig constituye la salida principal y la descarga al mar es salobre. El conducto de Toix solamente descarga al mar durante fuertes tormentas y funciona como un sumidero de agua de mar en el acuífero el resto del tiempo. Durante el año hidrológico 1999–2000, ambos conductos fueron monitorizados mediante corrientímetros y sondas de Conductividad Eléctrica y Temperatura. En base a los datos obtenidos, se ha caracterizado la relación hidrológica entre el funcionamiento del sistema y el mar. El modelo conceptual asume la existencia de un reservorio inmenso denominado « Acuífero reservorio » que es alimentado por (i) agua dulce de la lluvia y (ii) entrada de agua de mar a través del sumidero de Toix. Además, durante eventos de lluvias fuertes, se produce una infiltración rápida que da lugar a gran cantidad de agua dulce en el conducto del Moraig. Se trata de un mecanismo típico de « by-pass ». La salinidad y las cantidades de flujo se simularon mediante el uso de un modelo de lluvia-descarga y salinidad-lluvia. La simulación de las series de tiempo de flujo y salinidad se pueden usar para la gestión de los recursos hídricos.
Starting Page	75
Ending Page	85
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-08-14
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Karst Coastal aquifers Submarine springs Salt-water/fresh-water relations Spain Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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