NDLI: Contribution to the identification of the sea intrusion mechanism of brackish karst springs

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Maramathas, Athanasios Pergialiotis, Panagiotis Gialamas, Ioannis
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	A method of identifying the dominant hydrodynamic sea-intrusion mechanism of brackish karst springs is presented. A karst spring becomes brackish when tubes, which bring the freshwater to the spring (freshwater discharge), intersect other tubes that come from the sea and bring saltwater to the freshwater tubes (saltwater discharge) when the saltwater pressure at the intersection is higher than the freshwater pressure. There are two potential seawater intrusion mechanisms. The first one is the difference between the freshwater density and the seawater density, and the second is the venturi effect. Both mechanisms are present but it is a matter of great significance to know which mechanism dominates. In order to find out the dominant mechanism, the seawater discharge versus the freshwater discharge was charted using the MODKARST model, which estimates these discharges. The model determines how the freshwater discharge affects the saltwater discharge estimating thereby the dominant seawater intrusion mechanism. Application was made to the “Almiros” and “Makaria” springs in Greece.On présente une méthode pour déterminer le mécanisme hydraulique dominant de l’intrusion de l’eau salée marine dans le cas des émergences karstiques saumâtres. Une émergence karstique devienne saumâtre á l’intersection des conduites de l’eau douce avec des autres conduits qui apportent l’eau salée de la mer. Ce processus est possible si la pression de l’eau salée dépasse la pression de l’eau douce. Il y a deux mécanismes potentiels de l’intrusion de l’eau salée. A la base du premier mécanisme se trouve la différence entre les densités de l’eau douce et de l’eau salée pendant que dans le deuxième mécanisme il s’agit de phénomène Venturi. Afin de trouver le mécanisme dominant on a cartographié avec le modèle MODKARST le rapport entre les décharges de l’eau douces et respectivement de l’eau salée. A partir de la carte résultée on peut estimer comment la décharge de l’eau douce influence celle de l’eau salée en estimant en même temps le mécanisme dominat de l’eau salée. On a appliqué la méthode dans le cas des émergences d’Almiros et Makaria de la Grèce.Se presenta un método para identificar el mecanismo hidrodinámico dominante de la intrusión marina en manantiales salobres cársticos. Un manantial cárstico se vuelve salobre cuando los conductos, que suministran agua dulce al manantial (caudal de agua dulce), interceptan a otros conductos provenientes del mar que traen agua salada a este (caudal de agua salada), bajo la condición que la presión del agua salada en la intersección es mayor que la del agua dulce. Hay dos mecanismos potenciales de intrusión salina. El primero es la diferencia de densidades entre agua salada y agua dulce, mientras que el segundo es el efecto venturi. Ambos mecanismos están presentes en cualquier caso, sin embargo es de gran importancia establecer cual de ellos predomina. Con el fin de hallar el mecanismo dominante se tabularon los valores de caudal de agua salada versus el de agua dulce. Lo anterior fue posible mediante el uso del modelo MODKARST, el cual estima estos caudales. A partir de esta tabla se puede examinar como el caudal de agua dulce afecta al de agua salada, estimando como resultado de lo anterior el mecanismo dominante en la intrusión marina. Esto se aplicó a los manantiales “Almiros” y “Makaria” en Grecia.
Starting Page	657
Ending Page	662
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-09-08
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Karst Salinization Salt-water/fresh-water relations Numerical modeling Groundwater hydraulics Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Hydrogeology Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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