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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Jeelani, Gh |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Abstract | Forty major perennial springs, under different lithological controls, in a part of Kashmir Himalaya in India were studied to understand the response of spring discharges to regional climate variability. The average monthly spring discharge is high in Triassic Limestone-controlled springs (karst springs) and low in alluvium- and Karewa-controlled springs. In general, the measured monthly spring discharges show an inverse relation with the monthly precipitation data. However, a direct correlation exists between the spring discharges and the degree of snow/ice melt. The results suggest that the creation of a low and continuous (but stable) recharge from the Triassic Limestone and Panjal Trap aquifers, due to blockage of groundwater flow between strata with contrasting hydraulic conductivity, attenuates the discharge and gives rise to small fluctuations in the alluvium- and Karewa-controlled springs. The average monthly discharge of the karst and alluvial springs showed an overall decreasing trend for two and a half decades, with the lowest discharge recorded in 2001. The study revealed that the regional/global warming and below-normal precipitation in the period of snow accumulation (PSA) has triggered the receding of glaciers and attenuation of spring discharges.Quarante sources pérennes, ayant des environnements lithologiques différents, dans une partie de l’Himalaya du Cachemire aux Indes ont été étudiées afin de comprendre la réaction du débit des sources aux variations régionales du climat. Les débits mensuels moyens des sources sont élevés pour les sources émergeant des calcaires du Trias (sources karstiques) et bas pour les sources émergeant des alluvions et du Karewa. En général, les débits mensuels des sources sont en relation inverse avec les valeurs des précipitations mensuelles.Toutefois, une corrélation directe existe entre les débits des sources et l’importance de la fonte des neiges et de la glace. Les résultats suggèrent que la production d’une recharge faible et continue (mais stable) à partir des aquifères du Calcaire Triasique et du Trapp du Panjal, résultant de l’enfermement de l’écoulement de l’eau souterraine entre des couches de conductivité hydraulique contrastée, ralentit le débit et donne lieu à de petites fluctuations pour les sources émergeant des alluvions et du Karewa. Le débit moyen mensuel des sources karstiques et de celles des alluvions ont montré une tendance générale à la décroissance durant deux à trois décennies, avec le débit le plus faible enregistré en 2001. L’étude a révélé que le réchauffement régional et global et des précipitations inférieures à la normale pendant la période d’accumulation de la neige (PSA) ont déclenché le recul des glaciers et l’affaiblissement du débit des sources.Se han estudiado los cuarenta manantiales perennes mayores en un sector de Cacherima Himalaya en India, sujetos a diferentes controles litológicos, con el objeto de comprender la respuesta de la descarga de los manantiales a la variabilidad climática regional. La descarga mensual promedio es alta en manantiales controlados por calizas del Triásico (manantiales cársticos), y baja en manantiales controlados por sedimentos aluviales y del Karewa. En general, la descarga mensual medida en los manantiales muestra una relación inversa con los datos de precipitación mensual. Sin embargo, existe una correlación directa entre la descarga de los manantiales y el derretimiento de nieve/hielo. Los resultados sugieren que una recarga baja y continua (aunque estable) desde las calizas del Triásico y desde los acuíferos del Panjal Trap, debido al bloqueo del flujo subterráneo entre estratos con valores contrastantes de conductividad hidráulica, atenúa la descarga y produce pequeñas fluctuaciones en los manantiales controlados por sedimentos aluviales y del Karewa. La descarga mensual promedio de los manantiales cársticos y aluviales muestra una tendencia general a decrecer en las últimas dos décadas y media, con un mínimo de descarga registrado en el 2001. El estudio revela que el calentamiento global/regional y las precipitaciones por debajo de los valores normales en el período de acumulación de nieve (PAN) han desencadenado el retroceso de glaciares y la disminución de la descarga de los manantiales.本文研究了喜马拉雅山印度克什米尔局部地区四十眼较大的常流泉流量对区域气候变化的响应。这些泉受不同岩层的控制。三叠纪石灰岩地层的泉 (喀斯特泉) 的月平均流量较大, 而冲积层和Karewa地层中的泉流量较小。总的来说, 观测到的泉水月流量同月降水量之间成反比。但是,泉流量同冰/雪融化量直接相关。结果显示, 由于地层之间渗透性的差异引起了地下水流的堵塞, 来自三叠纪石灰岩和Panjal Trap含水层的补给持续微弱 (但是稳定) , 流量减少, 并导致冲积层和Karewa地层泉流量波动。近二十五年来, 喀斯特泉和冲积层中的泉月平均流量都呈递减趋势, 最小流量记录在2001年。研究表明, 区域/全球变暖、积雪期降雪量偏低已经引起了冰川退化和泉流量的减小。Numa zona dos Himalaias de Cachemira, na Índia, foram estudadas quarenta importantes nascentes perenes, sob diferentes controlos litológicos, para se compreender a resposta das descargas das nascentes à variabilidade climática regional. A descarga média mensal é elevada nas nascentes dos calcários do Trásico (nascentes cársicas) e baixa em nascentes controladas por aluviões e pelos depósitos lacustres (Karewa). Em geral, as medidas das descargas médias mensais mostram uma relação inversa com os dados de precipitação média mensal. Contudo, existe uma correlação directa entre as descargas das nascentes e o grau de fusão da neve/gelo. Os resultados sugerem que a criação de condições de recarga baixa e continua (mas estável) a partir dos aquíferos calcários triásicos e do mantos basálticos de Panjal, atenuam a descarga devido ao confinamento do fluxo subterrâneo entre camadas com condutividade hidráulica contrastante, dando origem a pequenas flutuações nas nascentes situadas nas aluviões e camadas lacustres (Karewa). A descarga média mensal das nascentes cársicas e das aluviões mostraram uma tendência geral decrescente nas últimas duas décadas e meia, tendo a descarga mais baixa sido registada em 2001. O estudo revelou que o aquecimento regional/global e a precipitação abaixo da média no período de acumulação de neves desencadeou o retrocesso dos glaciares e a atenuação das descargas das nascentes. |
| Starting Page | 1625 |
| Ending Page | 1633 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 16 |
| Issue Number | 8 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2008-07-11 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | India Climate change Groundwater flow Glacier recession Karst Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Geology Hydrogeology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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