Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Chybowski, Leszek Laskowski, Rafał Gawdzińska, Katarzyna |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | The paper analyses legal requirements for the composition of exhaust gas emitted by ships, marine engines including. The background for this paper is the increasingly stricter limits set for the emission of the toxic exhaust gas components by marine engines. Legal requirements force designers to search for new constructions of marine propulsion systems and constantly improve the existing ones. One of the solutions is supplying water into the combustion chambers of diesel engines—the solution widely known for many years n ow wins favour and, according to the authors, has a chance to gain competitive advantage over alternative constructions. A special attention has been paid to the allowed amount of nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides in exhaust gas resulting from the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships. So far, one, global evaluation of brand new and retrofitted marine propulsion system designs presenting this issue thoroughly has not been done. The authors’ interest in the issue derives from this fact and has been confirmed by many papers. We showed the mechanism of decreasing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas by means of water supply into the combustion chambers of diesel engines. We presented an overview of designs which might be used to retrofit vessels already in operation or introduced at the stage of vessel construction in the shipyard. The paper also contains an evaluation of the described designs. The following systems have been discussed: continuous water injection into the scavenging air, humid air motor, direct water injection with the use of combined nozzles, water-cooled residual gas system and fuel–water emulsion supply system using emulsifiers or devices of high-pressure water injection into fuel. We have made a comparison of the effectiveness of different methods used to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Advantages and disadvantages of supplying water into the combustion chambers of diesel engines have been shown together with the comparison of the range of changes in their construction. The authors have indicated potential opportunities derived from injecting Brown’s gas into the combustion chamber in order to change the composition of the exhaust gas. As a consequence, it will also affect the natural environment where vessels operate. |
| Starting Page | 393 |
| Ending Page | 405 |
| Page Count | 13 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 09484280 |
| Journal | Journal of Marine Science and Technology |
| Volume Number | 20 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 14378213 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Japan |
| Publisher Date | 2015-01-11 |
| Publisher Place | Tokyo |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Fuel–water emulsion NO x emission Continuous water injection Humid air motor Direct water injection Water-cooled residual gas Brown’s gas Automotive Engineering Engineering Fluid Dynamics Engineering Design Offshore Engineering Mechanical Engineering |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Oceanography Ocean Engineering Mechanics of Materials Mechanical Engineering |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|