NDLI: Exhaust emissions and its control methods in compression ignition engines: A review

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Brijesh, P. Sreedhara, S.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Extensive usage of automobiles has certain disadvantages and one of them is its negative effect on environment. Carbon dioxide (CO$_{2}$), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NO$_{x}$), sulphur dioxide (SO$_{2}$) and particulate matter (PM) come out as harmful products during incomplete combustion from internal combustion (IC) engines. As these substances affect human health, regulatory bodies impose increasingly stringent restrictions on the level of emissions coming out from IC engines. This trend suggests the urgent need for the investigation of all aspects relevant to emissions. It is required to modify existing engine technologies and to develop a better after-treatment system to achieve the upcoming emission norms. Diesel engines are generally preferred over gasoline engines due to their undisputed benefit of fuel economy and higher torque output. However, diesel engines produce higher emissions, particularly NO$_{x}$ and PM. Aftertreatment systems are costly and occupy more space, hence, in-cylinder solutions are preferred in reducing emissions. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology has been utilized previously to reduce NO$_{x}$. Though it is quite successful for small engines, problem persists with large bore engines and with high rate of EGR. EGR helps in reducing NO$_{x}$, but increases particulate emissions and fuel consumption. Many in-cylinder solutions such as lower compression ratios, modified injection characteristics, improved air intake system etc. are required along with EGR to accomplish the future emission norms. Modern combustion techniques such as low temperature combustion (LTC), homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) etc. would be helpful for reducing the exhaust emissions and improving the engine performance. However, controlling of autoignition timing and achieving wider operating range are the major challenges with these techniques. A comprehensive review of diesel engine performance and emission characteristics is given in this paper.
Starting Page	195
Ending Page	206
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	12299138
Journal	International Journal of Automotive Technology
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	19763832
Language	English
Publisher	The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher Date	2013-03-28
Publisher Place	Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Diesel engine Emissions Oxides of nitrogen Particulate matter Exhaust gas recirculation Low temperature combustion Automotive Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Automotive Engineering

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