NDLI: Catabolism and safety of supplemental l-arginine in animals

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wu, Zhenlong Hou, Yongqing Hu, Shengdi Bazer, Fuller W. Meininger, Cynthia J. McNeal, Catherine J. Wu, Guoyao
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	l-arginine (Arg) is utilized via multiple pathways to synthesize protein and low-molecular-weight bioactive substances (e.g., nitric oxide, creatine, and polyamines) with enormous physiological importance. Furthermore, Arg regulates cell signaling pathways and gene expression to improve cardiovascular function, augment insulin sensitivity, enhance lean tissue mass, and reduce obesity in humans. Despite its versatile roles, the use of Arg as a dietary supplement is limited due to the lack of data to address concerns over its safety in humans. Data from animal studies are reviewed to assess arginine catabolism and the safety of long-term Arg supplementation. The arginase pathway was responsible for catabolism of 76–85 and 81–96 % Arg in extraintestinal tissues of pigs and rats, respectively. Dietary supplementation with Arg–HCl or the Arg base [315- and 630-mg Arg/(kg BW d) for 91 d] had no adverse effects on male or female pigs. Similarly, no safety issues were observed for male or female rats receiving supplementation with 1.8- and 3.6-g Arg/(kg BW d) for at least 91 d. Intravenous administration of Arg–HCl to gestating sheep at 81 and 180 mg Arg/(kg BW d) is safe for at least 82 and 40 d, respectively. Animals fed conventional diets can well tolerate large amounts of supplemental Arg [up to 630-mg Arg/(kg BW d) in pigs or 3.6-g Arg/(kg BW d) in rats] for 91 d, which are equivalent to 573-mg Arg/(kg BW d) for humans. Collectively, these results can help guide studies to determine the safety of long-term oral administration of Arg in humans.
Starting Page	1541
Ending Page	1552
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09394451
Journal	Amino Acids
Volume Number	48
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	14382199
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Vienna
Publisher Date	2016-05-07
Publisher Place	Vienna
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Amino acids Nutrition Catabolism Health Dietary supplementation Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry Biochemical Engineering Life Sciences Proteomics Neurobiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Organic Chemistry Biochemistry Clinical Biochemistry

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