NDLI: Rupture process for micro-earthquakes inferred from borehole seismic recordings

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Taira, Taka’aki Dreger, Douglas S. Nadeau, Robert M.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	We investigate the spatial extent of rupture and variability in fault slip for micro-earthquakes by inverting seismic moment rate functions derived from empirical Green’s function deconvolution. By using waveforms from an array of borehole seismometers, we determine the spatial distributions of fault slip for M 3+ earthquakes that occurred along the Hayward fault in central California and identify a variety of slip behaviors including subevents, directivity, and high stress drop. The 2013 M w 3.2 Orinda earthquake exhibits a complex rupture process involving two subevents with northwest and up-dip directivity. The two subevents release 43 and 18 % of the total seismic moment (6.7 × 1013 N m), and their inferred peak stress drops are 18 and 8 MPa. The 2011 M w 4.0 Berkeley and 2012 M w 4.0 El Cerrito earthquakes are marked by high stress drop. The inferred peak and mean stress drops are about 100–130 and 40 MPa, respectively, which suggests that there are locally high levels of fault strength on the Hayward fault. Our finite-source modeling suggests that the radiation efficiency determined for these two earthquakes is very low (<0.1) and implies that most energy is dissipated during the earthquake rupture process.
Starting Page	1499
Ending Page	1510
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14373254
Journal	International Journal of Earth Sciences
Volume Number	104
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	14373262
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-07-07
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Earthquake rupture Earthquake stress drop Finite-source rupture inversion Hayward fault Geology Geophysics/Geodesy Sedimentology Structural Geology Mineral Resources Geochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences

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