NDLI: Signal transduction in mammalian oocytes during fertilization

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Machaty, Zoltan
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Mammalian embryo development begins when the fertilizing sperm triggers a series of elevations in the oocyte’s intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. The elevations are the result of repeated release and re-uptake of Ca2+ stored in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Ca2+ release is primarily mediated by the phosphoinositide signaling system of the oocyte. The system is stimulated when the sperm causes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG); IP3 then binds its receptor on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum that induces Ca2+ release. The manner in which the sperm generates IP3, the Ca2+ mobilizing second messenger, has been the subject of extensive research for a long time. The sperm factor hypothesis has eventually gained general acceptance, according to which it is a molecule from the sperm that diffuses into the ooplasm and stimulates the phosphoinositide cascade. Much evidence now indicates that the sperm-derived factor is phospholipase C-zeta (PLCζ) that cleaves PIP2 and generates IP3, eventually leading to oocyte activation. A recent addition to the candidate sperm factor list is the post-acrosomal sheath WW domain-binding protein (PAWP), whose role at fertilization is currently under debate. Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane is also important as, in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, the oscillations run down prematurely. In pig oocytes, the influx that sustains the oscillations seems to be regulated by the filling status of the stores, whereas in the mouse other mechanisms might be involved. This work summarizes the current understanding of Ca2+ signaling in mammalian oocytes.
Starting Page	169
Ending Page	183
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0302766X
Journal	Cell and Tissue Research
Volume Number	363
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14320878
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2015-10-09
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Oocyte Signal transduction Fertilization Sperm Embryo Human Genetics Proteomics Molecular Medicine
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Histology Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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