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Mapping phonemic processing zones along human perisylvian cortex: an electro-corticographic investigation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Molholm, Sophie Mercier, Manuel R. Liebenthal, Einat Schwartz, Theodore H. Ritter, Walter Foxe, John J. Sanctis, Pierfilippo
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The auditory system is organized such that progressively more complex features are represented across successive cortical hierarchical stages. Just when and where the processing of phonemes, fundamental elements of the speech signal, is achieved in this hierarchy remains a matter of vigorous debate. Non-invasive measures of phonemic representation have been somewhat equivocal. While some studies point to a primary role for middle/anterior regions of the superior temporal gyrus (STG), others implicate the posterior STG. Differences in stimulation, task and inter-individual anatomical/functional variability may account for these discrepant findings. Here, we sought to clarify this issue by mapping phonemic representation across left perisylvian cortex, taking advantage of the excellent sampling density afforded by intracranial recordings in humans. We asked whether one or both major divisions of the STG were sensitive to phonemic transitions. The high signal-to-noise characteristics of direct intracranial recordings allowed for analysis at the individual participant level, circumventing issues of inter-individual anatomic and functional variability that may have obscured previous findings at the group level of analysis. The mismatch negativity (MMN), an electrophysiological response elicited by changes in repetitive streams of stimulation, served as our primary dependent measure. Oddball configurations of pairs of phonemes, spectro-temporally matched non-phonemes, and simple tones were presented. The loci of the MMN clearly differed as a function of stimulus type. Phoneme representation was most robust over middle/anterior STG/STS, but was also observed over posterior STG/SMG. These data point to multiple phonemic processing zones along perisylvian cortex, both anterior and posterior to primary auditory cortex. This finding is considered within the context of a dual stream model of auditory processing in which functionally distinct ventral and dorsal auditory processing pathways may be engaged by speech stimuli.
Starting Page	1369
Ending Page	1383
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18632653
Journal	Anatomy and Embryology
Volume Number	219
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	18632661
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-05-26
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	ECog Phoneme Superior temporal gyrus Auditory Speech processing Intracranial Neurosciences Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Anatomy Histology

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