NDLI: The generalized force–velocity relationship explains why the preferred pedaling rate of cyclists exceeds the most efficient one

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kohler, Götz Boutellier, Urs
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	The most efficient pedaling rate (lowest oxygen consumption) at a workload of 50–300 W has been reported to be in the range of 42–60 rpm. By contrast, most competitive cyclists prefer a pedaling rate of more than 90 rpm. The reason for this difference is still unknown. We assume that the high pedaling rate preferred by cyclists can be explained by the inherent properties of muscle fibers. To obtain statements which do not depend on muscle’s cross-section and length, we generalized Hill’s characteristic equations where muscle force and heat liberation are related to shortening velocity. A pedaling rate of f ηmax yields to maximal efficiency, whereas the higher pedaling rate f Pmax leads to maximal power. The ratio f Pmax/f ηmax between these two pedaling rates ranges from 1.7 to 2.4, and it depends on the muscle’s fiber-type composition. In sprints and competitions of very short duration, f Pmax is more advantageous because energy supply is not the predominant limiting factor. The price to be paid for the most powerful pedaling rate is lower efficiency and higher energy cost. In longer exercises, economy is more important and the optimal pedaling rate shifts toward f ηmax. We conclude that the optimal pedaling rate, representing the fastest race performance, is not fixed but depends on race duration; it ranges between f ηmax and f Pmax. Our results are not only of interest for competitive cyclists but also for investigations using cycle ergometers: maximum power might not be reached by using a pedaling rate near the most efficient one.
Starting Page	188
Ending Page	195
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	94
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-01-19
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Force Power Efficiency Optimal pedaling rate Cadence
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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