NDLI: Changes in muscle size, architecture, and neural activation after 20 days of bed rest with and without resistance exercise

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kawakami, Yasuo Akima, Hiroshi Kubo, Keitaro Muraoka, Yoshiho Hasegawa, Hiroshi Kouzaki, Motoki Imai, Morihiro Suzuki, Yoji Gunji, Atsuaki Kanehisa, Hiroaki Fukunaga, Tetsuo
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Nine healthy men carried out head-down bed rest (BR) for 20 days. Five subjects (TR) performed isometric, bilateral leg extension exercise every day, while the other four (NT) did not. Before and after BR, maximal isometric knee extension force was measured. Neural activation was assessed using a supramaximal twitch interpolated over voluntary contraction. From a series cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging scans of the thigh, physiological cross-sectional areas (PCSA) of the quadriceps muscles were estimated (uncorrected PCSA, volume/estimated fibre length). Decrease in mean muscle force after BR was greater in NT [−10.9 (SD 6.9)%, P < 0.05] than in TR [0.5 (SD 7.9)%, not significant]. Neural activation did not differ between the two groups before BR, but after BR NT showed smaller activation levels. Pennation angles of the vastus lateralis muscle, determined by ultrasonography, showed no significant changes in either group. The PCSA decreased in NT by −7.8 (SD 0.8)% (P < 0.05) while in TR PCSA showed only an insignificant tendency to decrease [−3.8 (SD 3.8)%]. Changes in force were related more to changes in neural activation levels than to those in PCSA. The results suggest that reduction of muscle strength by BR is affected by a decreased ability to activate motor units, and that the exercise used in the present experiment is effective as a countermeasure.
Starting Page	7
Ending Page	12
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	84
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2001-02-16
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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