NDLI: Cardiac output: a view from Buffalo

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Olszowka, A. J. Shykoff, B. E. Pendergast, D. R. Lundgren, C. E. G. Farhi, L. E.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Cardiac output (Q̇) is a primary determinant of blood pressure and O2 delivery and is critical in the maintenance of homeostasis, particularly during environmental stress. Cardiac output can be determined invasively in patients; however, indirect methods are required for other situations. Soluble gas techniques are widely used to determine Q̇. Historically, measurements during a breathhold, prolonged expiration and rebreathing to CO2 equilibrium have been used; however, with limitations, especially during stress. Farhi and co-workers developed a single-step CO2 rebreathing method, which was subsequently revised by his group, and has been shown to be valid (compared to direct measures) and reliable. Carbon dioxide output (V̇CO2), partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2), and partial pressure of mixed venous CO2 (PvCO2) are determined during 12–25 s of rebreathing, using the appropriate tidal volume, and Q̇ is calculated. This method has the utility to provide accurate data in laboratory and field experiments during exercise, increased and micro-gravity, water immersion, lower body pressure, head-down tilt, and changes in gas composition and pressure. Utilizing the Buffalo CO2 rebreathing method it has been shown that the Q̇ can adjust to a wide range of changes in environments maintaining blood pressure and O2 delivery at rest and during exercise.
Starting Page	292
Ending Page	304
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume Number	90
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-08-27
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cardiac output Exercise Gravity Pressure Water immersion
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science

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