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  1. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
  2. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76
  3. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 8, October 2003
  4. Naphthalene—an environmental and occupational toxicant
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International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 90
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 89
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 88
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 87
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 86
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 85
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 84
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 83
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 82
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 81
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 80
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 79
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 78
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 77
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 8, October 2003
Where should the Chemicals Policy go?
Naphthalene—an environmental and occupational toxicant
Differences in nasal irritant sensitivity by age, gender, and allergic rhinitis status
Perceived muscular tension, emotional stress, psychological demands and physical load during VDU work
N-Nitrosodiethanolamine urinary excretion in workers exposed to aqueous metalworking fluids
A chamber-experiment investigation of the interaction between perceptions of noise and odor in humans
Work stress and health effects among university personnel
The use of pesticides in a Polish rural population and its effect on birth weight
The context of a study influences the reporting of symptoms
The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in Norwegian nurses’ aides
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Jürgen Angerer, Tobias Weiss (eds): Biological monitoring. Prospects in occupational and environmental medicine. Round-table discussions and colloquia
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. J. Angerer and K.-H. Schaller (eds): Analysis of hazardous substances in biological materials, volume 8
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 7, September 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 6, July 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 5, June 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 4, May 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 3, April 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 2, February 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 76, Issue 1, January 2003
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 75
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 74
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 73
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 72
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 71
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 70
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health : Volume 69

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Naphthalene—an environmental and occupational toxicant

Content Provider Springer Nature Link
Author Preuss, Ralf Angerer, Jürgen Drexler, Hans
Copyright Year 2003
Abstract For many years naphthalene had been considered as a non-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Airborne naphthalene concentrations have always been observed to be below the limit values of various national committees, such as the threshold limit value (TLV) of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the MAK of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (10 ppm). Since 2000, when the US National Toxicology Program revealed clear evidence of the carcinogenic activity of naphthalene in rats, international agencies [the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), DFG] have reclassified naphthalene as a potential human carcinogen, and the European Union (EU) is currently preparing a new risk assessment report. It is presently unknown how to protect humans from health risks resulting from occupational and environmental naphthalene exposure. Knowledge about the external and internal exposure of humans serves as the key determinant in a comprehensive risk assessment. We review here ambient monitoring studies concerning the external naphthalene exposure that results from ubiquitous environmental sources (indoor and outdoor air, water, soil, food) and from a variety of critical workplaces (coking plants, creosote impregnation, distillation of coal tar and naphthalene, manufacture of refractories, graphite electrodes, aluminium and mothballs). Based on results of ambient monitoring studies published so far, a new hygiene-based exposure limit of 1.5 mg naphthalene per cubic metre of air (0.3 ppm) is proposed. Furthermore, results from biological monitoring studies are summarised in this article. The internal burden was almost exclusively determined by means of the urinary metabolites 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol, but it is currently not possible for one to evaluate a biological tolerance level (BAT) or a biological exposure index (BEI). Based on the toxicokinetics and metabolism of naphthalene, the central question on its carcinogenicity is briefly sketched. Naphthoquinones play an important role in this context. Their adducts with macromolecules may be the parameters of choice for the estimation of effects to human health.
Starting Page 556
Ending Page 576
Page Count 21
File Format PDF
ISSN 03400131
Journal International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Volume Number 76
Issue Number 8
e-ISSN 14321246
Language English
Publisher Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date 2003-08-15
Publisher Place Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword Naphthalene Environment Workplace Metabolism Exposure Biological monitoring Review
Content Type Text
Resource Type Article
Subject Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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