NDLI: Oxidized glutathione fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae engineered for glutathione metabolism

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kiriyama, Kentaro Hara, Kiyotaka Y. Kondo, Akihiko
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Glutathione is a valuable tripeptide that is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. Intracellular glutathione exists in two forms, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Most of the glutathione produced by fermentation using yeast is in the GSH form because intracellular GSH concentration is higher than GSSG concentration. However, the stability of GSSG is higher than GSH, which makes GSSG more advantageous for industrial production and storage after extraction. In this study, an oxidized glutathione fermentation method using Saccharomyces cerevisiae was developed by following three metabolic engineering steps. First, over-expression of the glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) gene increased the GSSG content better than over-expression of other identified peroxidase (GPX1 or GPX2) genes. Second, the increase in GSSG brought about by GPX3 over-expression was enhanced by the over-expression of the GSH1/GSH2 genes because of an increase in the total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) content. Finally, after deleting the glutathione reductase (GLR1) gene, the resulting GPX3/GSH1/GSH2 over-expressing ΔGLR1 strain yielded 7.3-fold more GSSG compared with the parental strain without a decrease in cell growth. Furthermore, use of this strain also resulted in an enhancement of up to 1.6-fold of the total glutathione content compared with the GSH1/GSH2 over-expressing strain. These results indicate that the increase in the oxidized glutathione content helps to improve the stability and total productivity of glutathione.
Starting Page	7399
Ending Page	7404
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01757598
Journal	Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Volume Number	97
Issue Number	16
e-ISSN	14320614
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-07-03
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Oxidized glutathione Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic engineering Cell factory Microbiology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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