NDLI: Evolutionary diversification of the vertebrate transferrin multi-gene family

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hughes, Austin L. Friedman, Robert
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	In a phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate transferrins (TFs), six major clades (subfamilies) were identified: (a) S, the mammalian serotransferrins; (b) ICA, the mammalian inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (ICA) homologs; (c) L, the mammalian lactoferrins; (d) O, the ovotransferrins of birds and reptiles; (e) M, the melanotransferrins of bony fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals; and (f) M-like, a newly identified TF subfamily found in bony fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and birds. A phylogenetic tree based on the joint alignment of N-lobes and C-lobes supported the hypothesis that three separate events of internal duplication occurred in vertebrate TFs: (a) in the common ancestor of the M subfamily, (b) in the common ancestor of the M-like subfamily, and (c) in the common ancestor of other vertebrate TFs. The S, ICA, and L subfamilies were found only in placental mammals, and the phylogenetic analysis supported the hypothesis that these three subfamilies arose by gene duplication after the divergence of placental mammals from marsupials. The M-like subfamily was unusual in several respects, including the presence of a uniquely high proportion of clade-specific conserved residues, including distinctive but conserved residues in the sites homologous to those functioning in carbonate binding of human serotransferrin. The M-like family also showed an unusually high proportion of cationic residues in the positively charged region corresponding to human lactoferrampin, suggesting a distinctive role of this region in the M-like subfamily, perhaps in antimicrobial defense.
Starting Page	651
Ending Page	661
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00937711
Journal	Immunogenetics
Volume Number	66
Issue Number	11
e-ISSN	14321211
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-08-22
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Evolution of innate immunity Gene duplication Transferrin Immunology Human Genetics Gene Function Cell Biology Allergology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Immunology

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