NDLI: Microbial Assemblages in Soil Microbial Succession After Glacial Retreat in Svalbard (High Arctic)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kaštovská, Klára Elster, Josef Stibal, Marek Šantrůčková, Hana
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Microbial community composition (cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae abundance and diversity, bacterial abundance, and soil respiration) was studied in subglacial and periglacial habitats on five glaciers near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N). Soil microbial communities from nonvegetated sites (subglacial, recently deglaciated, and cryoconite sediments) and sites with plant cover (deglaciated some hundreds of years ago) were analyzed. Physicochemical analyses (pH, texture, water content, organic matter, total C and N content) were also performed onthesamples. In total, 57 taxa of 23 genera of cyanobacteriaand algae were identified. Algae from the class Chlorophyceae (25 species) and cyanobacteria (23 species) were richest in biodiversity. The numbers of identified species in single habitat types were 23 in subglacial, 39 inbarren, 22 in cryoconite, and 24 in vegetated soils. The highest cyanobacterial and algal biovolume and cell numbers, respectively, were present in cryoconite (13 × 104 μm3 mg−1 soil and 508 cells per mg of soil), followed by barren (5.7× 104 and 188), vegetated (2.6 × 104 and 120), and subglacial (0.1 × 104 and 5) soils. Cyanobacteria prevailed in all soil samples. Algae (mainly green algae) were present only as accessory organisms. The density of bacteria showed a slightly different trend to that of the cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. The highest number of bacteria was present in vegetated (mean: 13,722 × 108 cells per mg of soil dry wt.), followed by cryoconite (3802 × 108), barren (654 × 108), and subglacial (78 × 108) soils. Response of cyanobacteria and algae to physical parameters showed that soil texture and water content are important for biomass development. In addition, it is shown that nitrogen and water content are the main factors affecting bacterial abundance and overall soil respiration. Redundancy analysis (RDA) with forward selection was used to create a model explaining variability in cyanobacterial, algal, and bacterial abundance. Cryoconites accounted for most of the variation in cyanobacteria and algae biovolume, followed by barren soils. Oscillatoriales, desmids, and green coccoid algae preferred cryoconites, whereas Nostocales and Chroococcales occurred mostly in barren soils. From the data obtained, it is evident that of the studied habitats cryoconite sediments are the most suitable ones for the development of microbial assemblages. Although subglacial sediments do not provide as good conditions as cryoconites, they support thesurvival of microbial communities. Both mentioned habitats are potential sources for the microbial recolonization of freshly deglaciated soil after the glacier retreat.
Starting Page	396
Ending Page	407
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00953628
Journal	Microbial Ecology
Volume Number	50
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	1432184X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2005-11-24
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Ecology Microbiology Geoecology/Natural Processes Nature Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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