NDLI: Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Community Based on 16S rDNA and Functional Genes in Activated Sludge Enriched with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) under Different Cultural Conditions

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lee, T.H. Kurata, S. Nakatsu, C.H. Kamagata, Y.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Differential emergence and diversity of bacterial communities from activated sludge in response to varied cultural conditions using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were investigated by coupling molecular analyses based on 16S rDNA with functional genes. We employed three different cultural conditions: (1) a culture sequentially fed a high concentration (300 mg/L) of 2,4-D (HS); (2) a culture continuously fed a low concentration (10 mg/L) of 2,4-D (LC); and (3) a serial batch culture in which 1% (v/v) of culture was transferred to a fresh medium containing a high concentration (300 mg/L) of 2,4-D (HB). The HS and LC bioreactors were operated for 3 months and HB was repeatedly transferred for 1 month. The 2,4-D was stably degraded under all the cultural conditions tested. PCR amplification and cloning-based analysis of functional genes using community DNAs from the cultures revealed five different oxygenase genes that may be involved in the initial step of 2,4-D degradation. All five gene-types were present in HS, while one of the five genes, type V (tftA) was not detected in LC. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that in HS, Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134 type-tfdA4 (type I) was the most abundant in copy number (2.0 ± 0.1 × 107 copies/μg DNA) followed by RASC type-tfdA (type II) (1.8 ± 1.0 × 106 copies/μg DNA), putative cadA-like gene (type IV) (2.6 ± 0.8 × 105 copies/μg DNA), cadA gene (type III) (1.3 ± 1.0 × 104 copies/μg DNA), and tftA gene (type V) (3.5 ± 1.1 × 103 copies/μg DNA). Similar results were obtained in LC. In contrast, HB contained only type I and type III genes, and the type I gene was five orders of magnitude greater in copy number than the type III gene. Denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCR, amplified 16S rDNA fragments of bacterial communities in the three different cultures showed low similarity coefficient values (≤0.35) when compared to the original activated sludge, suggesting that 2,4-D amendment caused a drastic change in the bacterial community. Particularly, HB showed only six bands (16–18 bands in the other cultures) and very low similarity coefficient values when compared to the other communities (0.10 to HS, 0.17 to LC, and 0.0 to original sludge). These results indicated that serial batch culturing (HB) resulted in a phylogenetically limited number of 2,4-D degrading bacteria carrying limited catabolic genes whereas more diverse 2,4-D degraders and catabolic genes were present in HS and LC. Therefore, the approach used for monitoring should be taken into account when one evaluates the population dynamics of contaminant-degrading bacteria at bioremediation sites.
Starting Page	151
Ending Page	162
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00953628
Journal	Microbial Ecology
Volume Number	49
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	1432184X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-09-23
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Ecology Microbiology Geoecology/Natural Processes Nature Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Soil Science Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) by a Hypersaline Microbial Mat and Related Functional Changes in the Mat Community

16S rDNA Pyrosequencing Analysis of Bacterial Community in Heavy Metals Polluted Soils

Nonrandom Assembly of Bacterial Populations in Activated Sludge Flocs

Diversity of Dominant Bacterial Taxa in Activated Sludge Promotes Functional Resistance following Toxic Shock Loading

Endophytic Bacterial Diversity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Roots Estimated by 16S rDNA Sequence Analysis

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Can Rapidly Display the Bacterial Diversity Contained in 16S rDNA Clone Libraries

Comparison of 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA T-RFLP Approaches to Study Bacterial Communities in Soil Microcosms Treated with Chromate as Perturbing Agent

Bacterial Competition in Activated Sludge: Theoretical Analysis of Varying Solids Retention Times on Diversity

16S rDNA-Based Analysis of Dominant Bacterial Populations Associated with Early Life Stages of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Community Based on 16S rDNA and Functional Genes in Activated Sludge Enriched with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) under Different Cultural Conditions

Similar Documents

Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) by a Hypersaline Microbial Mat and Related Functional Changes in the Mat Community

16S rDNA Pyrosequencing Analysis of Bacterial Community in Heavy Metals Polluted Soils

Nonrandom Assembly of Bacterial Populations in Activated Sludge Flocs

Diversity of Dominant Bacterial Taxa in Activated Sludge Promotes Functional Resistance following Toxic Shock Loading

Endophytic Bacterial Diversity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Roots Estimated by 16S rDNA Sequence Analysis

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Can Rapidly Display the Bacterial Diversity Contained in 16S rDNA Clone Libraries

Comparison of 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA T-RFLP Approaches to Study Bacterial Communities in Soil Microcosms Treated with Chromate as Perturbing Agent

Bacterial Competition in Activated Sludge: Theoretical Analysis of Varying Solids Retention Times on Diversity

16S rDNA-Based Analysis of Dominant Bacterial Populations Associated with Early Life Stages of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Community Based on 16S rDNA and Functional Genes in Activated Sludge Enriched with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) under Different Cultural Conditions