NDLI: The motor and the brake of the trailing leg in human walking: leg force control through ankle modulation and knee covariance

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Toney, Megan E. Chang, Young Hui
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Human walking is a complex task, and we lack a complete understanding of how the neuromuscular system organizes its numerous muscles and joints to achieve consistent and efficient walking mechanics. Focused control of select influential task-level variables may simplify the higher-level control of steady-state walking and reduce demand on the neuromuscular system. As trailing leg power generation and force application can affect the mechanical efficiency of step-to-step transitions, we investigated how joint torques are organized to control leg force and leg power during human walking. We tested whether timing of trailing leg force control corresponded with timing of peak leg power generation. We also applied a modified uncontrolled manifold analysis to test whether individual or coordinated joint torque strategies most contributed to leg force control. We found that leg force magnitude was adjusted from step to step to maintain consistent leg power generation. Leg force modulation was primarily determined by adjustments in the timing of peak ankle plantar-flexion torque, while knee torque was simultaneously covaried to dampen the effect of ankle torque on leg force. We propose a coordinated joint torque control strategy in which the trailing leg ankle acts as a motor to drive leg power production while trailing leg knee torque acts as a brake to refine leg power production.
Starting Page	3011
Ending Page	3023
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00144819
Journal	Experimental Brain Research
Volume Number	234
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	14321106
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-06-22
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biomechanics Locomotion Motor control Robustness Uncontrolled manifold Neurosciences Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience

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