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Triphala herbal extract suppresses inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and adjuvant-induced arthritic rats via inhibition of NF-κB pathway.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Kalaiselvan, Sowmiya Rasool, Mahaboobkhan |
| Copyright Year | 2016 |
| Abstract | This study sought to explore the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of triphala in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. In stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, triphala (100-300 μg/ml) significantly suppressed production of inflammatory mediators (e.g. TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, VEGF, NO, PGE2), intracellular free radicals and release of lysosomal enzymes (e.g. acid phosphatase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl glucosamindase and cathepsin D) in a dose-related manner. With triphala, mRNA levels of genes for pro-inflammatory TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1, inflammatory iNOS and COX-2 enzymes and NF-κBp65 were down-regulated in the stimulated cells; in contrast, there was up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Western blot analyses revealed that triphala suppressed the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in the stimulated cells, which subsequently reduced over-expression of TNFα, IL-17, iNOS and COX-2 in a manner similar to that observed with BAY 11-7082, an IκB kinase inhibitor. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed inhibition of p-NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and COX-2 protein expression caused by triphala. Consistent with these findings, the animal studies presented confirmed that triphala exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model by reducing of inflammatory mediator (e.g. IL-17, COX-2 and RANKL) expression via inhibition of NF-κB activation. Taken together, the results here demonstrated that triphala has potential anti-inflammatory applications that could be used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1136010 |
| PubMed reference number | 27438966 |
| Journal | Medline |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| Journal | Journal of immunotoxicology |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/1547691X.2015.1136010?needAccess=true |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://doi.org/10.3109/1547691x.2015.1136010 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
