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Neurosciences et éthique : que nous apprend le dilemme du wagon fou ?
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Baertschi, Bernard |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Abstract | Resume : L'ethique normative contemporaine est marquee par un debat entre deux positions antagonistes, le deontologisme et l'utilitarisme. Ce debat est reste jusqu'a recemment un debat usant d'arguments, d'objections, de contre-exemples et d'experiences de pensee essentiellement conceptuels. Il y a peu cependant, dans la foulee des progres de l'imagerie cerebrale, Joshua Greene y a introduit des elements empiriques : proposant a des sujets differents dilemmes, dont le dilemme du wagon fou (trolley problem), il a examine comment leur cerveau reagissait. Il en a tire la conclusion que le deontologisme s'appuyait sur des reponses emotionnelles, alors que l'utilitarisme utilisait des circuits rationnels, ce qui assurait a ce dernier une meilleure pertinence morale. Les raisons deontologistes seraient meme des rationalisations a posteriori, voire des confabulations. Malheureusement, si le recours a des donnees empiriques est un progres philosophique dans l'examen de ces questions, les consequences que Greene en tire ne sont a mon sens pas probantes Abstract : Contemporary normative ethics is characterized by a debate between two conflicting theories, deontologism and utilitarianism. Until recently, this debate has essentially used arguments, objections and thought-experiments of a conceptual nature. Following the progress in neuroimagery, Joshua Greene has introduced empirical elements in the discussion : submitting several subjects to different dilemmas, in particular the trolley problem, he has examined how their brain were reacting. He concluded that deontologists were drawing on their emotions, whereas utilitarians reacted more rationally, and therefore gave a better answer from a moral point of view. Deontologists reasons are even rationalizations and confabulations, rather than authentic moral reasons. Unfortunately, if Greene is on the right track in introducing empirical data in this debate, his conclusions are not warranted in my opinion. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 17 |
| Page Count | 17 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Volume Number | 3 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/files/downloads/0/0/0/2/5/9/2/8/unige_25928_attachment01.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
