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Écologie Microbienne des Surfaces et Dispositifs Médicaux au Service de Réanimation du Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire (CHU) de Treichville
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Ango, P. D. Konan, Kd Kouamé, Ka Tchimou, A. M. Y. Adingra, Sc Diomandé, S. E. Boua, Nathalie |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Abstract | RESUME Introduction. Les surfaces et dispositifs medicaux sont regulierement colonises par des micro-organismes. Ceux-ci proviendraient des patients, de l'air, des visiteurs et du personnel soignant. Le but de cette etude etait de decrire l'ecosysteme bacterien retrouve sur des surfaces et dispositifs medicaux dans le service de reanimation polyvalente du CHU de Treichville. Materiels et methodes: Nous avons realises une etude prospective sur une periode de 4 mois (Janvier a Avril 2017), au service de Reanimation polyvalente du CHU de Treichville. Les prelevements ont ete effectues a l'aide d'ecouvillons steriles, pendant la periode d'etude. Les germes ont ete identifies selon les methodes de bacteriologie (examen directe, culture). La sensibilite aux antibiotiques a ete etudiee selon la technique de l'antibiogramme utilisant la methode de diffusion en milieu gelose. Les donnees colligees ont ete analysees a l'aide du logiciel Epi-Info version 7.1. Resultats: Sur 110 prelevements effectues, 49 (44,54%) etaient positifs et 59 bacteries pathogenes ont ete isolees. Les surfaces les plus souillees etaient l'armoire (n=9), le lavabo (n=10) et la paillasse (n=5). Au niveau des dispositifs medicaux, il s'agissait des injectomats (13,55%), brassards de tensiometre (10,1%) et de perfuseurs (8,47%). Les bacteries retrouvees etaient d'origine humaine (72,88%) et d'origine environnementale (27,11%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (38,98%) et Staphylococcus aureus (23,70%) etaient principalement retrouvees. L'analyse du profil de resistance a permis d'observer que 71,42% de souche de Staphylococcus aureus etaient Meti-R, et 74,19% des Enterobacteries produisaient une betalactamase a spectre elargie et etaient resistantes aux aminosides (61,29%), a la ciprofloxacine (58,06%) et a la pefloxacine (12,9%). Les bacilles Gram negatifs non enterobacteries produisaient une penicillinase (21,4%) associee a l'impermeabilite de membrane et une cephalosporinase (64,3%). Conclusion: Les surfaces et dispositifs medicaux, constituent un nid de transmission d'infections nosocomiales. Le nettoyage et la desinfection devront donc etre regulierement evalues a travers une surveillance de l'ecologie microbienne et de la resistance des bacteries au niveau des surfaces et dispositifs medicaux. ABSTRACT Introduction. In hospitals, surfaces and medical devices are regularly colonized by microorganisms. These would come from the patients, the air, the visitors and the nursing staff. The aims of this study was to describe the bacterial ecosystem found on surfaces and medical devices in the multipurpose resuscitation department of the University Hospital of Treichville. Material and methods: We carried out a prospective study over a period of 4 months (January to April 2017), at the Multipurpose Resuscitation Department of the University Hospital of Treichville. Samples were taken using sterile swabs, during the study period. The germs have been identified according to methods of bacteriology (direct examination, culture). Antibiotic sensitivity was studied according to the antibiogram technique using the diffusion method in agar medium. The collected data were analyzed using the software Epi-Info version 7.1. Results: Of 110 samples taken, 49 (44.54%) were positive and 59 pathogenic bacteria were isolated. The most soiled areas were the cabinet (n = 9), the sink (n = 10) and the bench (n = 5). Medical devices included injectomates (13.55%), blood pressure cuffs (10.1%), and perfusers (8.47%). The bacteria found were of human origin (72.88%) and environmental origin (27.11%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (38.98%) and Staphylococcus aureus (23.70%) were the main bacteria found. Resistance profile analysis revealed that 71.42% of Staphylococcus aureus strain was Meti-R, and 74.19% of Enterobacteria produced broad-spectrum beta-lactamase. Simultaneous resistance to aminoglycosides (28.57%), macrolides (60%) and fluoroquinolones (57.14%). Non-enterobacterial Gram-negative bacilli produced a penicillinase (21.4%) associated with membrane impermeability and a cephalosporinase (64.3%). Conclusion: Medical surfaces and devices constitute a nest for the transmission of nosocomial infections. Cleaning and disinfection should therefore be regularly assessed through monitoring microbial ecology and bacterial resistance in medical surfaces and devices. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Volume Number | 21 |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/download/1747/pdf_843 |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
